frig Flashcards
william shakespeare bday and baptism
april 23rd, 1564 in Stratford-on-Avon
april 26th
shakespeare education
local grammar school (idk how long)
no university
shakespeares marriage to Anna hathaway
november 28th, 1582
-will was 18 she was 26 and pregnant
arrival in london
1588, established himself as a playwrite and actor
1594, writing for the kings men/ managin oatern
how long have shakespeares plays been around
400 years
timeless
Shakespeares plays
tragedies, histories and romantic comedies
death if shakespeare
april 23rd,1616
in his bday
how many plays did shakespeare write
35 plays
poetry/plays of shakespeare
iambic pentameter
sonnets
aside
words or BRIEF thoughts spoken by an actor directly to the audience (not heard by other characters)
allusion
a figure of speech that refers to people,places,events,literary work, myths, or works of art
antagonist
opposing force to protagonist
catastrophe
action at the end of a tragedy that initiated the falling action of a play
catharsis
the feeling of pity or fear that occurs in the reader/audience of tragic drama
comic relief
the use of a comedic scene to interior a row of tragic or intense moments
characterization
how an author reveals and presents a character.
-speech, actions, what others say, thoughts and direct descriptions
*external conflict
occurs between a character and an external force
-other character, society, nature,etc.)
inner conflict
refers to an internal struggle experienced by a character
conscience, decision, death, etc.
dialogue
conversations of characters in literary work
foil
character that provides the protagonist with contrast
foreshadowing
hints of what will come in the future if the literary work
imagery
uses the 5 sense to give us a mental image
verbal irony
characters say the opposite of what they really mean
situational irony
the opposite of what is expected to happen, happens
dramatic irony
the audience knows more about something than a character in the okay does
metaphor
an outright it direct comparison without the use of like as or than
protagonist
the main character in a story
setting
the time, place, circumstance
simile
comparison using like as or then
soliloquy
a SPEECH in a play that is meant to be heard by the audience but not by other characters
symbolism
something that implies something more than its literal self
theme
the theme is an underlying meaning that the author wants the reader to understand or remember
tragic hero
a character (usually of high repute) who suffers from a tragic flaw and has a fall from glory. typically brings their own downfall
tragic flaw
a weakness or limitation of character, resulting in the fall of the tragic hero
types of a character
3D/round: well developed character
2D/flat: less developed/minor character
1D:characature, over exaggerates traits
dynamic and static
d: grows, develops, changes (beg or pos)
s: no growth, no change, remains the same
tragedy
a drama or literary work in which the main character is brought to ruins or suffers extreme sorrow (consequence of tragic flaw or moral weakness)
order of hierarchy
king prince of cumberland thank if candor nobility + queen knights/soldiers wealthy landowners trades people/farmers peasants
history of macbeth
the story of macbeth is true to some extent, but many events and details were fictionalized to appeal to the audience
Act 1
exposition and introduction setting context/background info introduces characters contains the INCITING INCIDENT
Act 2
complication:
rising action begins (hero struggles with small problems)
introduces secondary characters
Act 3
Turning point/climax:
provides turning point of hope to assured tragedy
anticipates conclusion
includes the crisis
Act 4
Reversal/ Falling action:
provides decline of the hero
gives additional suggestions to the conclusion
Act 5
Catastrophe:
provides a conclusion
suggests the after effects of how order is restored
leaves the audience satisfied
includes the logical ending (solves any issues, unties any knots, final blow to the hero)
highest point of action in terms of suspense and interest
summarize scene 1
thunder and lightning refers to darkness and tragedy (sets mood) three witches(power of prochecy and flight) introduce the theme of fair is foul, foul is fair (nothing is what it seems)
summarize scene 2
an injured soldier (saved malcom’s life) tells kind duncan about the battle between the scottish army against the traitor: macdonald
macbeth fought BRAVELY and killed macdonald
macbeth and bangui then fought of the norwegians and the traitor- thane of cawdor
summarize scene 3
macbeth and bangui receive their prophecies
banquo is cautious and macbeth is curious
they both make fun of the weird sisters
macbeth learns that he is named thane of cawdor and his inner conflict begins
macbeth decides to leave things up to fate
summarize scene 4
malcolm is named heir to the throne (prince of Cumberland)
macbeth decides he can no longer leave it up to fate
leaves to make preparations for the kings arrival at his castle
macbeth’s castle
inverness
duncan’s castle
Forres
inciting incident
point of the story where the protagonist begins to deal with their conflict
when he learns the prophecies/when he becomes thane of cawdor
summarize scene 5
lady macbeth learns about the prophecies and is instantly willing to kill duncan
she asks the evil spirits to relieve her of her feminine qualities so that she can be cruel and ruthless
when macbeth arrives she tries to speak of killing duncan but macbeth seems uncertain
summarize scene 6
the king arrives at macbeth’s castle in inverness and remarks about the sweet nature and fresh air, this is dramatic irony, because he is gonna die soon
lady macbeth greets them all very nicely
summarize scene 7
macbeth decides not to kill the king because he is loyal to him, he is afraid of karma and the consequences and the king is a beloved king and doesn’t want anyone to find out
characteristics of tragedy
- Tragedy concerns the tragic hero
- involves a person of high estate
- supernatural elements are introduced
- tragic hero treats him well for a short while and then there is a reversal of fortune
- involves an inner conflict
- hero is not overly good but they have a greatness that makes the audience understand human temptation and the potential for success
- insanity
- struggle between good and evil
fair is foul, foul is fair
the witches chanting
plays major theme: nothing is what it seems
and oftentimes, to win us to our harm, win us with honest trifles, to betray us. In deepest consequences
banquo to macbeth
foreshadow macbeth’s demise. witches should not be trusted
Supernatural soliciting cannot be ill…
macbeth to himself
how can it be bad if he is progressed through power and how can it be good if it gives him such a bad thought and makes him feel so uneasy
there’s no dart to find the minds construction….
King Duncan to Malcolm
there is no way to know what someone is thinking or what their motives are. it shows duncan’s tragic flaw of being too trusting
prince of cumberland!! step i can’t o’er-leap…
macbeth can no longer rely on fate to make him king and he must take things into her own hands to kill duncan
come you spirits that tend on moral thoughts… unsex me here….
lady macbeth soliloquy
she is asking the evil spirits to remove her feminine qualities so that she can be ruthless and crush and help macbeth kill duncan
look like th’inncoeny flower…
lady macbeth to macbeth
act like you are innocent and appear innocent but be ruthless and evil liek a snake to get the job done
wouldst thou have that…
lady macbeth to macbeth
she accuses him of being unloyal, unmanly, uncommitted and a liar
is this a dagger which i see before me, the handle toward my hand, come, let me clutch thee
macbeth to himself
these lines introduce macbeth’s decent into madness, since the dagger he sees before him is a hallucination. it leads him to duncan’s chamber. manifestation of his ambition, urging him to get the deed done and giving macbeth the mindset to kill
could not say amen
sleep no more
…
M to LM
macbeth is immediately guilty after killing duncan and hears two people praying in the room
over. he is unable to say amen ben though he is most in need of the blessing (disconnected from god). sleep no more because macbeth murdered duncan in his sleep.
all great neptune’s ocean wash this blood….
little water clears us if this deed…
M to himself and LM to M
he feels nothing will ever wash away what he has done and the guilt he feels. manifestation of guilt. LM feels no remorse or regret and thinks that with a little water it will be done and they will be safe
unfelt sorrow which the false man does easy…. daggers in men’s smiles..
malcolm to donalbain and vice versa
they don’t share their fathers overly trusting fatal flaw. they think they too will be killed and are going to flee separately. they know that even guilty people can hide it in their fake sorrow.
none but he whose being i do fear… no son of my succeeding…
M to himself
macbeth is worried about banques prophecies being fulfilled . he and flea ce are a threat to his power and security as king. he doesn’t want to have done the work for no reason, he wants to begin a line of kings
it will have blood. blood will have blood…
M to LM
blood leads to more blood and often evil makes the person more evil. blood will not stop until macbeth is satisfies and secure with his power. talking birds have been known to travel even the most hidden secrets. he fears his plan being ruined
i’m in blood steppd i’m so far that i shoukd wade no more…
M to LM
going back on what he has done and telling the truth would be just as hard as continuing in his path of destruction and tyranny. if he doesn’t continue things could only get worse. he is past the point of return
securit is mortals chiefest enemy
hecate to the witches
there is a plan to trick macbeth into his own demise by showing him prophecies, these prophecies will lead to him doing things that ruin his power as king/ lead to his destruction. the way to be safe is never to be secure. (if macbeth had listened to banquo and not listened to the witches he wouldn’t be having any of these problems)
2.1
banquo reveals that he has nightmares about the witches (thoughts the prophecies provoke)
Macbeth meets him and says he hasn’t even thought about them but woukd love to meet and talk about them
-Macbeth hallucinates a dagger leading him to Duncan
2.2
Lady macbeth was unable to kill duncan cuz he looked like her father
macbeth kills him but immediately regrets it. he feels nothing will relieve him of this sorry sight
-he hears voices calling murder, sayings amen and saying sleep no more
2.3
Porter scene provides comic relief
-he compares himself to a guard at hells gates (evil in the world and the castle)
macduff arrives with lennox and discovers duncan’s dead body
macbeth kills the guards out of “rage”
-Malcolm and Dinald bain glee to england and scotland
2.4
Riss and Old man discuss the weird weather of the night and weird things that have happened
-macduff meets them and says he is returning to fife and will not attend the coronation
3.1
banquo voices his concern about how macbeth’s prophecies came true. also that maybe his will coke true too
- macbeth announces a feast and then interrogated banquo in his whereabouts
- macbeth voices his fear of banquo and his prophecies coming true (threat to his security as king)
- he sets up the murder of banquo and flea ce
3.2
lady macbeth is no longer in charge, macbeth doesn’t even tell her about his plan to kill banquo
-they both have not been sleeping
3.3
the murderers attack but flea ce escapes
- 3rd murderer is unknown
- this is the turning point of the play since glen acne can still fulfill the prophecies
- climax where macbeth has the most power
3.4
at the banquet macbeth that’s banquo and his ghost appears. he begins to yell. Lady macbeth says that it is just a sickness and that they shoukd all leave
3.5
hecate is mad at the witches for not telling her about their plans for macbeth. since they see the future and know he is going to come back for security, they plan to trick him. he will see new prophecies which will lead him to do things which will cause his demise
3.6
lennox and lord talk about the oddness of recent events
- why would they kill their father, the weather, macbeth’s sudden upbringing
- macduff has fled to england in hope of forming na alliance with malcolm and english troops.
imagery and symbolism
darkness (good and evil) weather (thunder and lighting) animal (prey and predator) nature (seeds and harvest) motherhood (milk and breast)
double double trouble
witches to themselves
the witches are preparing a potion for macebtht. give him a false sense of security. the word double cane mean that this is the 2nd set of prophecies, there will be 2X the trouble, and that it has a double meaning (decieeving macbeth) trouble comes in threes they say this 3 times
infected be air they ride
damned all who trust them
macbeth to lennox
angry at the prophecies he curses all that trust the witches, which is situational irony since throughout the play he and kody macbeth have been the joy ones to trust them
out damned spot
lady macbeth to herself
metaphorical bliss on her hands. reminiscent of the prophecy “macbeth shall sleep no more”. character swap with macbeth and her from killing duncan. verbal and situational irony because before she said it would wash clean and now she thinks nothing will cleanse her
to bed to bed, knocking at the gateway
lady macbeth to herself
she is driven to madness and unable t seep. this is a recollection of her tlak with macbeth after killing duncan saying what’s done is done. she is now trying to comfort herself but can clearly not take her advice
life’s but a walking shadow…
macbeth to himself
expressing regret over the death of his wife. he understand that his reign was unsubstantial. he will be forgotten easily after his 15 minutes of fame. he originally wanted love friends and sons and received none. his life is meaningless
i have avoided thee too much blood of thine…
macbeth to macduff
face to face with macduff in the battle field. he alresdy has too much blood of his family’s on his hands so he was avoiding macduff. this shows his regret for murdering his family. he believers his acts to be tyrannical and doesn’t want another death in his conscience
déception thème
peoppe often wear masks to disguise their true selves or intentions
guilt theme
actions have consequences. guilt can motivate to remedy or be destructive
ambition theme
often a motivating factor or force. can drive someone to accomplish great or destructive thing s
loyalty theme
looked for in others, often tied to power or betrayal
greed theme
oftentimes, our own greed drives our actions. while this greed can lead to our own personal gain, it can also follow through as our unhappiness, if unfulfilled, or our demise if our greed takes over
plot structure
good (king duncan in power) evil (macbeth receiving prophecies, killing duncan) chaos (killing without reason) death (macbeth dies) good (malcolm as king)
