Freud, Lacan, and Jung

Question 1

Freud: Unconscious

Answer 1

A repository of repressed desires, particularly sexual and aggressive instincts, influencing behavior.

Question 2

Freud: Repression

Answer 2

The unconscious process that blocks undesirable thoughts, memories, or desires from conscious awareness.

Question 3

Freud: Ego

Answer 3

The rational part of the psyche

Question 4

Freud: Id

Answer 4

The instinctual, the part of the psyche that houses primal instincts, which is driven by the pleasure principle (seeking immediate gratification).

Question 5

Freud: Superego

Answer 5

The moral aspect of the psyche, representing internaalized societal and parental rules and standards.

Question 6

Freud: Oedipus Complex

Answer 6

The stage in psychosexual development where a child unconsciously desires the opposite-sex parent and views the same-sex parent as a rival.

Question 7

Freud: Desire

Answer 7

Driven by unconscious repressed instincts, particularly sexual and aggressive urges. Desire often conflicts with societal norms.

Question 8

Freud: Shadow

Answer 8

The unconscious part of the psyche containing repressed, denied, or unacknowledged traits.

Question 9

Jung: Unconscious

Answer 9

Contains both personal unconscious (repressed material) and collective unconscious (universal archetypes shared by all humans).

Question 10

Jung: Repression

Answer 10

Personal unconscious material is repressed, often involving the shadow and aspects of the self that are denied.

Question 11

Jung: Ego

Answer 11

The ego is part of the conscious self, mediating between unconscious and external realities, aiming for individuation.

Question 12

Jung: Superego

Answer 12

Similar to Freud’s concept but more integrated into the process of individuation, helping balance the conscious and unconscious.

Question 13

Jung: Oedipus Complex

Answer 13

Jung disagreed with Freud’s Oedipus complex theory, emphasizing that the unconscious’s dynamics are more archetypal and symbolic.

Question 14

Jung: Desire

Answer 14

Desire is tied to the process of individuation, representing a drive for personal integration and self-realization.

Question 15

Jung: Shadow

Answer 15

Part of the personal unconscious, representing aspects of the self that are suppressed or unintegrated.

Question 16

Jung: Archetypes

Answer 16

In the collective unconscious, archetypes are universal, symbolic patterns that shape human experience, e.g., the Hero, the Mother, the Self.

Question 17

Jung: Individuation

Answer 17

The process of integrating unconscious material (personal and archetypal) into the conscious mind, leading to psychological wholeness.

Question 18

Jung: Collective Unconscious

Answer 18

A universal, shared layer of the unconscious, containing archetypes that shape human behavior across cultures and generations.

Question 19

Jung: Symbolic Order

Answer 19

Jung viewed symbols as expressions of the archetypes that shape the unconscious, aiming for integration.

Question 20

Lacan: Unconscious

Answer 20

Structured like a language, shaped by the symbolic order (language and societal norms).

Question 21

Lacan: Repression

Answer 21

Repression is understood as a process where desires and memories are pushed out of conscious awareness, but it is shaped by the symbolic order.

Question 22

Lacan: Ego

Answer 22

The ego is formed through the mirror stage and is tied to the symbolic order, reflecting the subject’s relationship with the Other.

Question 23

Lacan: Superego

Answer 23

Lacan doesn’t use the term superego directly but relates it to the law of the symbolic order, controlling the subject’s desires.

Question 24

Lacan: Oedipus Complex

Answer 24

Lacan incorporates the Oedipus complex within the broader framework of the mirror stage and symbolic order, connecting it to the subject’s entry into the world of language.

Question 25

Lacan: Desire

Answer 25

Desire is a relational concept, rooted in lack and driven by the unattainable object, or objet petit a, influenced by the symbolic order.

Question 26

Lacan: The Shadow

Answer 26

The shadow is an unconscious structure, with desire and repressed material influencing the subject’s interactions with the Other.

Question 27

Lacan: Archtypes

Answer 27

Not a central concept in Lacan’s work. However, he acknowledges symbolic representations and structural elements in the unconscious.

Question 28

Lacan: Symbolic Order

Answer 28

The symbolic order is central to Lacan’s theory; it consists of the structures of language and societal norms that govern human subjectivity and unconscious processes.

Question 29

Lacan: The Mirror Stage

Answer 29

The mirror stage is when an infant first identifies with their reflection, marking the emergence of the ego and the subject’s entry into the symbolic order.

Question 30

Lacan: Objet Petit a

Answer 30

The objet petit a is the unattainable object that signifies lack and drives desire, representing what the subject longs for but cannot fully obtain.