Freud and Fromm Flashcards
What is the ego and what does it experience?
Ego is the part of the mind that forms our idea of self, presenting an image to the outside world. It experiences pleasure and pain, striving to be moral.
What is the ID made up of?
It experiences pleasure and pain. It is non-moral. Made up of Eros (Basic survival like sex/food) and Thanatos which is the death instinct causing things like aggression.
Why does Eros cause guilt?
It is the ‘mischief marker’ dominated by pleasure, guilt occurs for bad pleasures like masturbation.
What does the Thanatos link to?
The Odiepus Complex,
What is the Superego?
The internalised voice of parents and authority. Can be self destructive out of fear of castration, separation and death.
What does Freud say about guilt?
‘the tension between the demands of the conscience and the actual performances of the ego’
What is George Klein’s opinion of Freud’s theory?
Believes that Freud reduces the human mind to an object of enquiry, reducing human behaviour to a dualism of appropriate and inappropriate.
What does Dawkins add to George Klein’s criticism?
Scientific reductionism
What is the criticism about over-sexualisation?
Freud oversexualises children through the Odiepus complex
What is the criticism of Freud’s sampling?
Freud mainly worked with upper class Austrian women presenting with Hysteria.
Further claims that he fabricated the claim that ‘all my women patients told me they have been seduced by their fathers.’
What are the three strengths of his theory?
1) revolutionary- developed talking therapy and hypnotherapy
2) secular
3) treated the whole personality, not condemning certain aspects. Challenged religious dualisms of good and evil.
What is authoritarian conscience for Fromm?
Internalised voice of external authority such as Hitler
What is the humanistic conscience?
‘Our own voice present in every human being and independent of external sanctions and rewards.’
