Freud

Question 1

Describe the two catergories of drive.

Answer 1

Eros = life instinct

Freud believed sex instinct is the most critical for developing personality (libido = sex drive)

Thanatos = death instinct, the drive towards aggression and destruction

Question 2

Desrcibe the four characteristics of every drive.

Answer 2

Impetus = the amount of force the drive exerts

Source = the part of the body that is in a state of tension/excitment

Aim = the goal, always towards pleasure and reduing tension

Object = the person or thing that serves as the means by which the aim is satisfied

Question 3

What are the three levels of consciousness?

Answer 3

1. Conscious
2. Preconscious
3. Unconscious

Question 4

Describe dream theory.

Answer 4

Freud believed that dreams are the single best source of information about a person’s unconscious mind.

Dreams are highly significant, carefully constructed mental products.

Dreams originate in the unconscious mind. Ego lessons the threat of Id’s images through a process called dream work.

Question 5

What are the two parts to a dream?

Answer 5

Manifest content: what you remember from a dream

Latent content: the underlying meaning

Question 6

Describe the mechanisms of dream work.

Answer 6

1. Condensation
2. Displacement
3. Censorship
4. Symbolic Substitution

Question 7

What is a projective?

Answer 7

Refers to a standard set of vague stimuli.

Question 8

What are the four categories of projectives?

Answer 8

1. Association
2. Construction
3. Completion
4. Expression

Question 9

Describe association.

Answer 9

Given words or ink blots

Two phases: free association and inquiry

Ex. the word association test; subject given a stimulus word and responds with whatever word comes to mind

Question 10

Describe construction.

Answer 10

Picture cards used to stimulate stories about social situations.

ex. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Question 11

Describe completion.

Answer 11

Sentences or stories.

Question 12

Describe expression.

Answer 12

Drawings like house-tree-person.

Question 13

What are the strengths and weaknesses of projectives?

Answer 13

Strengths: great freedom of expression, taps into unconscious mind

Weaknesses: poor validity, ok reliability, expensive and time-consuming

Question 14

Describe the Id.

Answer 14

Born with Id

Lacks reason, reality, and morality.

Works on pleasure principle.

Primary processing: the satisfaction of needs in fantasy.

Question 15

Describe the ego.

Answer 15

Develops during first two years of life.

Doesn’t have energy of own; borrows energy from Id

Works on reality principle.

Secondary processing: planning and decision making.

Question 16

Decribe the superego.

Answer 16

Develops from Oedipal Complex.

Around ages 4-5

Internalization of parents/society

Works on morality principle; doesn’t take reason into account.

Two domains: conscience and ego ideal

Question 17

What are the three masters of ego?

Answer 17

Id, Superego, and environment

Question 18

What are the three types of anxiety?

Answer 18

Objective anxiety: ego’s reaction to danger in the environment

Neurotic anxiety: result from id-ego conflict; results from superego when it feels like it is losing control over id impulses

Moral anxiety: results from id-superego conflict; leads to feelings of guilt or shame