Freshman biology

Question 1

Describe the movement of carbon in each of the following processes: decomposition, photosynthesis, burning fossil fuels

Answer 1

Decomposition: Carbon is trapped and will eventually harden into rock or minerals, Photosynthesis: Turns the water into oxygen and the carbon dioxide into glucose, Burning fossil fuels: A large amount of carbon dioxide is released into the air.

Question 2

What are the base units of mass, volume, and length

Answer 2

mass=kilogram, volume=dekaliter, length=kilometer.

Question 3

What are the two energy-carrying molecules that power the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis?

Answer 3

ATP and NADPH.

Question 4

What format must a hypothesis be written in?

Answer 4

A hypothesis should include if, And, Then, and because.

Question 5

What is causing the overall trend of increasing CO2?

Answer 5

carbon emissions from automobiles and burning fossil fuels.

Question 6

What is a variable group versus a control group?

Answer 6

The control variable never changes, whilst the variable group always changes.

Question 7

How many kcal/day does a lion need to survive?

Answer 7

A lion needs between 8,000 to 9,000 calories a day.

Question 8

What is homeostasis? Why is it important?

Answer 8

The process in the body that helps function when external conditions change

Question 9

What are the scientific method and list the 5 steps?

Answer 9

Question, Hypothesis, Experiment, Analyze, Conclude.

Question 10

What is the equation for photosynthesis? For Cellular respiration?

Answer 10

cellular respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2OPhotosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 11

Human Activity is causing increased carbon in what carbon stores?

Answer 11

increased greenhouse gas concentrations.

Question 12

Describe the Keeling Curve. What is happening each year? What has been happening for over 15 years?

Answer 12

The graph shows an increase in CO2.

Question 13

What is the Greenhouse Effect? Describe how it is causing climate change.

Answer 13

The greenhouse gas effect is when large amounts of carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere causing the earth’s crust to heat up.

Question 14

Identify the locations for the Calvin Cycle. Electron Transport Chain for photosynthesis.

Answer 14

Calvin Cycle: Chloroplast, Electron Transport Chain: Mitochondria.

Question 15

In which organelles does each process take place?

Answer 15

Photosynthesis: Chloroplasts. Cellular respiration: Mitochondria

Question 16

What is a karyotype?

Answer 16

A person’s complete set of chromosomes.

Question 17

Define the following: ecology, ecosystem, biotic, abiotic, carrying capacity, biodiversity, and niche.

Answer 17

Ecology: The study of the relationships between living organisms, Biotic: A living factor in an environment
Abiotic: A non-living factor in an environment, Carrying Capacity: A species’ average population size native to an environment, Biodiversity: All the different forms of life, Niche: An organism’s role in an exosystem

Question 18

What are grana?

Answer 18

Piles of thylakoids

Question 19

What are independent and dependent variables?

Answer 19

An Independent variable is a cause, and a dependent variable is an effect.

Question 20

Describe what process(es) are specifically causing the CO2 levels to rise and fall throughout the year. Explain what’s happening in the Northern Hemisphere vs. the Southern Hemisphere.

Answer 20

Plant growth and decomposition.