Frequency tables and histogram a Flashcards
Bar graph
Used to compare discrete (not continuous) quantities in different categories
Ex. How many people are of a certain age bracket in a golf club
Line graph
Used to display two-variable data that change continuously over time.
Stem-and-leaf plot
Organizes data to shoe it’s shape and distibution.
1| 2 2 3 4 4
2| 3 4 4 8
3| 1 5 6 8 9 9
Frequency table
A chart that shows the number of times that values within each interval of a data set occur. Often used in conjunction with a histogram
Histogram
Bar-graph representation of the data in a frequency table that shows the proportion of data that fall into categories (non over lapping intervals of data distribution)
Normal distibution
Standard bell shaped curve where mean, median, and mode lie exactly in the middle
Scatter plot
Graph , or collection of points, of a two-variable numerical data. Useful for showing trends in data
Box-and-whisker plots
Shows a fine-number summary of data set including lower extreme, lower quartile, mean, upper quartile and upper extreme
Population
Consists of an entire set of people, places, things, etc. with something in common. Ex: adopted children, baseball fans, jazz singers
Sample
Subset of population that is used to represent and draw conclusions from a population when collecting information from the entire group would be impractical
What is the best way to prevent bias?
Random sampling. Bias refers to how sample was formed not the included participants.
How is the probability of an outcome expressed?
As a ratio, fraction, decimal or percent.
What is the sample space?
Set if all possible outcomes for an event
What is a combination?
An un-ordered selection from a group of objects. You can rearrange them without any loss of information (crucial difference between combinations and permutations)
Permutation
Specifically ordered selection made from a group of objects
