Frequência 3

Question 1

The 8th cranial nerve

A) is a sensory nerve that comes from the ear.
B) carries auditory information.
C) carries vestibular information.
D) all of the above
E) both A and B

Answer 1

d

Question 2

The 8th cranial nerve is the

A) auditory-vestibular nerve.
B) vagus nerve.
C) trigeminal nerve.
D) olfactory nerve.
E) facial nerve.

Answer 2

a

Question 3

A tumor is

A) a neoplasm.
B) cluster of cells that grows independently of the rest of the body.
C) an aneurysm.
D) a thrombus.
E) both A and B

Answer 3

e

Question 4

Meningiomas are

A) encapsulated.
B) diffuse.
C) infiltrating.
D) metastatic.
E) malignant.

Answer 4

a

Question 5

Which type of tumor would be most easy to localize in a CT scan or a brain section?

A) an infiltrating tumor
B) a metastatic tumor
C) an encapsulated tumor
D) a malignant tumor
E) a congenital tumor

Answer 5

c

Question 6

Which type of tumor is likely to be benign?

A) encapsulated
B) metastatic
C) infiltrating
D) malignant
E) congenital

Answer 6

a

Question 7

Acoustic neuromas are

A) encapsulated.
B) benign.
C) located on the 8th cranial nerve.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Answer 7

d

Question 8

If a person developed a brain tumor as a result of chronic cigarette smoking, the tumor would likely be

A) metastatic.
B) malignant.
C) encapsulated.
D) both A and B.
E) both B and C

Answer 8

d

Question 9

Metastasis refers
A) specifically to malignant tumors.
B) to tumors that have spread from the lungs to the brain.
C) to infiltrating tumors.
D) to the spread of disease from one organ to another.
E) to tumors and other growths that are attracted to neural tissue.
Answer: D

Answer 9

d

Question 10

“Stroke” commonly refers to

A) closed-head injuries of sudden onset.
B) cancerous brain tumors of sudden onset.
C) cerebrovascular disorders of sudden onset.
D) brain infarcts.
E) cerebral attacks.

Answer 10

c

Question 11

Strokes are caused by

A) tardive dyskinesia.
B) cerebral hemorrhage.
C) cerebral ischemia.
D) all of the above
E) both B and C

Answer 11

e

Question 12

Which of the following is most likely to lead to an intracerebral hemorrhage?

A) an aneurysm
B) a hematoma
C) cerebral ischemia
D) thrombosis
E) embolism

Answer 12

a

Question 13

Aneurysms are often

A) congenital.
B) caused by vascular poisons.
C) caused by infection.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Answer 13

d

Question 14

Cerebral ischemia is a disruption of the supply of __________ to the __________.

A) glutamate; brain
B) blood; heart
C) air; body
D) neurotransmitters; brain
E) blood; brain

Answer 14

e

Question 15

When a thrombus moves to another site and becomes lodged there, the thrombus is called

A) a thrombosis.
B) a bolus.
C) an embolus.
D) an infarct.
E) an aneurysm.

Answer 15

c

Question 16

Both thrombuses and emboluses are

A) plugs that block blood flow.
B) tumors.
C) causes of arteriosclerosis.
D) infarcts.
E) hematomas.

Answer 16

a

Question 17

A disorder in which fat deposits cause the walls of blood vessels to thicken and reduce blood flow is

A) arteriosclerosis.
B) contusion.
C) embolism.
D) dementia.
E) encephalitis.

Answer 17

a

Question 18

Which of the following is a cerebrovascular disorder?

A) cerebral arteriosclerosis
B) cerebral embolism
C) cerebral thrombosis
D) all of the above
E) both B and C

Answer 18

d

Question 19

Sites of arteriosclerosis are readily apparent in

A) a Nissl-stained brain section.
B) a CT scan.
C) an fMRI image.
D) an angiogram.
E) a PET scan.

Answer 19

d

Question 20

Much of the brain damage caused by cerebral ischemia takes 1 or 2 __________ to fully develop.

A) seconds
B) minutes
C) hours
D) days
E) weeks

Answer 20

d

Question 21

Brain damage following ischemic strokes seems to be caused by

A) NMDA buildup.
B) excessive serotonin release.
C) an imbalance of GABA.
D) excessive norepinephrine release.
E) excessive glutamate release.

Answer 21

e

Question 22

Following cerebral ischemia,
A) glutamate is released in excessive quantities.
B) excessive activity is induced at NMDA receptors.
C) excessive numbers of calcium and sodium ions enter postsynaptic neurons.
D) postsynaptic neurons slowly die.
E) all of the above

Answer 22

e

Question 23

Given the cascade of events leading to ischemia-produced brain damage, __________ administered immediately after a stroke might reduce the development of brain damage.

A) NMDA receptor blockers
B) calcium-channel blockers
C) acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
D) all of the above
E) both A and B

Answer 23

e