French Revolution Flashcards
What country was the center of the enlightenment
France
Name and de strive the 3 estates
1 estate : church officials 1%
2nd: nobility 2%
3rd estate: everyone else 97%
Third estate into three groups
Burgoise - merchants
Why were 1st and 2nd opposed to the ideas of the enlightenment
They didn’t want to change
Four factors
1- inequalities of society
2-enlightenment ideas of change
3- American revolution
4- corruptions of the French kings
Two reasons why the queen was unpopular
She spent a lot of money
She was foreign
“Madame deficit”
2 causes of France financial crisis in 1789
- Constant wars for the past 100 years
2. Extravagant spending of the monarchy
What solution was proposed to the kind by his advisors
Tax the first 2 estates
What was estates general
Representatives assembly of 3 estates. Kings were absolute monarchy
What was the tennis court oath
To not leave until they wrote a constitution
French Revolution began with the storming of…
Bastille
Describe the great fear
Rumors that the king hired foreigners to punish to punish the 3rd estate. Peasants burned & destroyed nobles
What document patterned after American declaration
Declaration of the rights of monarchy and citizens
Three words became the slogan of the French Revolution
Liberty , equality, fraternity
Describe the difference between absolute and constitutional monarchy
Absolute - no rights
Constitutional- rights for people
Three general groups that made yo the legislative assembly
Royalist- absolute monarchy
Girondists- constitutional monarchy
Jacobins- republic
Why did Austria and Prussia declare war on France 1792
Feared the revolutionary ideas would spread to their country
What was the turning point of the French Revolution
Kings and queen try to leave the country
Who were jacobins and leader
Radicals.
Maximilian Robespierre
Ultimate fate of king and queen
They were executed by the “madam la guillotine”
What form of execution
Gillotine
During the period known as..,.. thousands of French were executed
Reign of terror
What were two goals of this period during the revolution
- An attempt to purge the country
2. An attempt to stamp out religion
What happened to French churches
All closed , power , wealth, and land were taken away
How did napoleon come to power in France
He overthrows government with a coup
Why was the dictorial Napoleon beloved by most of French ppl
Order, stability and economic success
Why were Napoleons armies welcomed as liberators
Because they thought they would overthrow their kings. Because he became worse of a dictator
What message was Napoleon giving the Pope
I’m more powerful than you
What event caused Napoleon to give up his western empire dream
Successful slave uprising
Why did Napoleon sell the Louisiana purchase to USA
It needed money for wars in Europe
Why were Europeans countries so desperate to defeat Napoleon
They felt abused by a brutal dictator
What were the 3 major mistakes that led to Napoleons downfall
- Continental system
- peninsular war
- Russian campaign
Name the legacies
1-abolishment or feudalism
2-brought power/rights to common people
3- abolished absolute monarch
4-limits the power of the Catholic Church
5- creating of the modern European nations
Bastille
Prison in Paris
Coalition
European military alliance
Consulate
Group of 3 consuls and government
Concordat
An agreement w/ Catholic Church to restore lands and power
Continental system
Foreign policy
Committee of public safety
Robespierre formed under French Republic
Corsica
French Colony ( island ) where napoleon was born
Coup
Blow to state/ forced to take power
Directory
Weak government that took over France once the main revolution was over
Duke of Wellington
England hero who defeated France during naval
Elba
Island that napoleon was first exciled to
Emigres
People who were nobility who fled France after the French Revolution
Enlightenment
Age of reason
Guerilla
A hit & run war tactic
Haiti
French island
Horatio Nelson
Naval commander
Humanism
Intellectual movement
Hundred days
Napoleons last bid for power
Jacobins
Radicals who forced a republic
Josephine
Napoleons first wife , his 1st love
Joseph
Napoleons brother ( king of Spain )
Louis XVl
16th Ming of France and executed during French Revolution
Louis XVlll
King Louie 16th brother
Lyc’ees
Government run school in France that were free “public schools “
Marie antionette
Wife of Louis xvl who was beheaded
Marie Louise
Napoleons after wife who gave him a son
Maximillian Robespierre
Took over republic/ started reign of terror
Napoleon
Emperor of France
Nationalism
Identification with ones own nation
Napoleonic code
Law code of France
Old regime
Social / political structure of France devided into 3 estates
Plebiscite
Vote by france people
Renaissance
Classics. Art & literature
Republic
Country ruled by law
Russia
Napoleons enemy who used scorched earths tactic
Scorched earth
Destroy everything In their path
St. Helena
Prison colony island napoleon was exiled to
Sans culottes
Common people of lower class
Trafalgar
Attempt to capture England ( naval battle )
Toussaint L’ouverture
Haitian native that led the revolt
Versailles
Summer palace for royal palace that had over 800 rooms
Waterloo
Battle that defeated napoleon led by duke of Wellington
