French REv

Question 1

Estate

Answer 1

Old social system in France where 3 social classes were each estate and was in 1789

Question 2

First Estate

Answer 2

Social class of the clergy, wealthy and privileged, didn’t pay tax but collected taxes

Question 3

Second Estate

Answer 3

Social class of the nobility, knights who defended the land in the Middle Ages, a lot of nobles wanted political power over the palace and king, got top jobs in government, army, and court. 1.5% of the population

Question 4

Third Estate

Answer 4

social class of most of the population, middle and lower class, most were peasants, a lot were unemployed and had to beg for food, urban workers, bread was the main food source and any raise in the price of bread would result in starvation, paid all taxes. Most of it was rural peasants

Question 5

Bourgeoisie

Answer 5

middle class of the third estate, prosperous bankers, merchants, lawyers, doctors, and professors.

Question 6

Louis XVI- 1715-1774

Answer 6

weak and indecisive ruler who attempted to tax the first and second estate and got resented by them. The king, in the first estate, didn’t have to pay taxes, lived in the palace of Versailles, left France when in debt, summoned the Estates General in 1789. Had each estate list their grievance to bring to the meeting of the Estates General.

Question 7

Estates General

Answer 7

Legislative body consisting of representatives from the three estates

Question 8

National Assembly

Answer 8

first revolutionary government of the French Revolution. The National Assembly was created by the Estates-General that Louis XVI called in 1789 to deal with the economic crisis.

Question 9

Tennis Court Oath

Answer 9

delegates from the National Assembly moved to indoor tennis courts and swore “never to separate and to meet wherever the circumstances might require until we have established a sound”

Question 10

Declaration of the RIghts of Man and of the Citizen

Answer 10

All men were “born and remain free and equal in rights” and had natural rights to “liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression”, freedom of religion, also taxes were given based on ability to pay. Slogan is Liberty, Equality, Fraternity

Question 11

Olympe de Gouges

Answer 11

female journalist that demanded equal rights in her “Declaration of the RIghts of Woman and the Female Citizen” Got six thousand women to march from Paris to Versailles while having mass starvation.

Question 12

Marie Antoinette

Answer 12

Austrian born queen that had the bread riot directed at her because they were angered by her life of luxury while the people in France were starving.

Question 13

sans-culottes

Answer 13

working class men and women that demanded a republic

Question 14

Republic

Answer 14

government ruled by elected representatives instead of a monarch

Question 15

Jacobins

Answer 15

radical leaders of the Convention that set out to erase all traces of the old order, they seized the land of nobles and abolished titles of nobility

Question 16

Suffrage

Answer 16

The right to vote

Question 17

Committee of Public Safety

Answer 17

12 man committee that was created to deal with the threats of France at home and abroad. They prepared France for all out war with Europe by issuing a levy tax that required all citizens to contribute to the war effort. In charge of all trials and executions

Question 18

Maximilien Robespierre

Answer 18

leader of the Committee of Public Safety. Jacobin allies saw him for selfless dedication to the revolution but his enemies called him a tyrant. He embraces Rousseau’s idea of general will as the source of all law, promoted religious toleration and wanted to abolish slavery. Was supported by the sans-culottes

Question 19

Reign of Terror

Answer 19

September 1793 to July 1894, Robespierre was the chief architect of it. Revolutionary courts held quick trials that sentenced many people to death. People were getting arrested for being SUSPECTED of being against the revolution and half of them would get executed. Robespierre got arrested in 1794 and was executed which made the executions number go down

Question 20

Napoleon Bonaparte

Answer 20

popular military hero who won many battles against the Austrians in Italy

Question 21

Nationalism

Answer 21

a strong feeling or pride in one’s country

Question 22

Civil Service

Answer 22

jobs based on ability to perform job

Question 23

Napoleonic Code

Answer 23

new code of laws that reflected enlightenment principles. Equality of all citizens before the law, religious toleration, abolition of feudalism, get rid of newly gained rights for Women/right to citizenship, male heads of households had complete authority over their wives and children. Valued order and authority over individual rights

Question 24

Congress of Vienna

Answer 24

first of a series of international meetings and was an attempt to forge a peaceful balance of power in Europe, wanted to create a lasting peace, establish a balance of power, protect the systems of monarchy, redraw the map of Europe, turn back the clock or promote legitimacy

Question 25

Clemens von Metternich

Answer 25

wanted to restore things to do before 1792, was the dominant force at the Congress

Question 26

Concert of Europe

Answer 26

new system where the powers met periodically to discuss any problems affecting peace of Europe