French Grammar Drills COPY Flashcards by Lauren LoGiudice

definite article (la, le, les) goes before ____ (there are 9)

titles and family names ex: le professeur Muller, les chabrol
countries ex la France
school subjects ex: la psychologie
seaons ex: le pritemps
days ex: le dimanche
parts of the day ex: l’aube (dawn)
languages ex: l français
general categories and abstractions ex: les fraises (strawberries), le patience (patience)
name and adjective clusters ex: le vieux Paris (old Paris), la petite Emilie

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omission of definite article

titles monsieur, madame, madenmoiselle ex: monsiuer Dupuis
a specific day ex: me chercer dimanche
after preposition en ex: je suis forte en anglais (I am good in English), je vais skier en hiver (I am going skiing in winter), regarde la jolie en porte en bois (look at the pretty wooden door)

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DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES
ce = B4 ____ w/ _____
cet = B4 ____ w/ ____
cette = _____
ces = _____

ce = B4 masculine sing w/ consonant
cet = B4 masculine sing w/ vowel or h
cette = feminine singular noun
ces = masc and fem plural

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possessive adjectives

MY
mon - b4 masculine noun + fem starting with a vowel + h
ma - fem noun w/ consonant
mes - plural nouns

YOUR
ton
ta
tes

HIS/HER
son
sa
ses

OUR
notre
nos

YOUR (PL)
votre
vos

THEIR
leur
leurs

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elsewhere

ailleurs

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previously

auparavant

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formerly (in the old days)

autrefois

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outside

dehors

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ahead of time, early

en avance

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at this moment

en ce moment

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late (after the time)

en retard

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finally

enfin

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the day (or evening) before

la veille

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the next day

le lendemain

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everywhere

partout

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so much

tant

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All(of them)
Singular masculine:
Plural masculine:

Singular feminine:
Plural feminine:

All(of them)
Singular masculine: tout
Plural masculine: tous

Singular feminine: toute
Plural feminine: toutes

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Negating - ne … pas —> when drop e of ne?

Before a vowel or silent/mute h

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Pas —> where does it go in passé compose?

Between auxiliary ex: je J’ai pas répondu

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Never/anymore + placement in passe compose

Ne … Jamais

In passe compose it goes between the auxiliary and past participle

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Nothing/anything + placement in passe compose

Ne … rien

In passe compose it goes between the auxiliary and past participle

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Not yet + placement in passe compose

Ne … pas encore

In passe compose it goes between the auxiliary and past participle

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Nobody/anybody (+ placement in passé compose)

Ne… personne

(Goes after past participle in passé compose)

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Nowhere/anywhere (+ placement in passe compose)

Ne… nulle part

(Goes after past participle in passé compose)

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Only + placement in passe compose

Ne … que Goes after the past participle in passe compose

Nobody else/anybody else + placement in passé compose

Ne … plus personne (Goes after past particular in passé compose)

Nothing/anything more + placement in passe compose

Ne … plus rien Passe compose goes in between auxiliary and past participle

Never anybody

Ne … Jamais personne

Never anything + placement in passe compose

Ne … Jamais rien Passe compose goes in between auxiliary and past participle

Never again/not anymore + placement in passe compose

Ne … Plus Jamais Passe compose goes in between auxiliary and past participle

When saying from x country do you need an article before the country name? + give example

NO EX: Anna vient de Russia, Luisa du chili

___ is in/to for cities?

___ is “in” or “to” before feminine place names (including countries)

____ goes before masculine place names (including countries) (when talking about in the country)

Au or aux (plural)

____ or ___(b4 vowels) is from or of cities

De or d’ If you need the article it then becomes de la ___

____ or ____ is from or of before feminine place names (including countries)

De or d’

____ or ____ is from or of before masculine place names

Du or des

When does an avoir past participle change? And how does it change?

When it’s 1) the direct object in the sentence and 2) if the direct object is placed before the verb in the same sentence It changed by agreeing in gender and number with the direct object

That

Que

Homework

Devoirs

The best

La meilleurs

Cat

Le chat

Newspaper/

Le journal, LES journaux

Give me

Donne-moi

Pass me

Passe-moi

The answer

La réponse

Dirty

Sales

Clean

Propre

To enter/to come back in Passe compose with-_____?

Entrer/rentrer Etre

To leave/to go back Passe compose with-_____?

Partir/retourner Etre

To come/to come back Passe compose with-_____?

Venir/revenir Etre

To fall/to become Passe compose with-_____?

Tomber/devenir Être

To be born/to die Passe compose with-_____?

Naître/mourir Être!

Past participle of mourir ?

Mort

Past participle of naître?

Né

Venir —> past participle

Venu

Past participle of Devenir

Devenue

Passe compose form of past participle for ir verbs

Add an i Ex: J’ai obéi from obéir

Passe compose form of past participle for re verbs

Add u ex: J’ai attendu -> attendre

Garbage can

La poubelle

Verbs that change with passe compose from etre to avoir when they have a direct object: (5) How does it change the meaning?

Monter Descendre Sortir Rentrer Passer Took the ___+ verb meaning

Fast / speed

Vite / vitesse

Attic

Grenier

Neighbors

Voissins

The steps

Les marches

What is it? (2ways) + what is this thing

1. Qu’est-ce que C’est? 2. C’est quoi or C’est quoi Ça

Alt way to say what?

Quoi Ex: Qu’est-ce que tu fais ce soir —> tu fais quoi ce soir

Who called?

1. Qui est-ce Qui a appelé? 2. Qui a appelé? 3. C’est Qui Qui a Appel?

Est-ce que literally means ??

Is it true that?

Prepositions to express possession

À and de

Prepositions for location and direction In/to: ___ Of/from: ___

In/to: à Of/from: de

Prepositions to indicate quality, a use, or how something is done

À (always for food - of,in with) and de (with)

Prepositions used for time

À and de

Preposition used for transportation

Preposition used for materials

If it’s possible

Si c’est possible

Conjugation ouvrir

J’ouvre Tu ouvres Il.Elle ouvre Nous ouvrons Vous ouvrez Ils/Elles ouvrent

Ir Verbs conjugated like er verbs (-e, -es, -e, -one, -ez, -ent) —> there are 4 related + 2 others

Ouvrir—> to open couvrir - to cover Découvrir - to discover Recouvrir - to recover Soufrir - to suffer Offrir - to offer

Three verbs thay take -x instead of -s for je and tu forms

Pouvoir, Valoir (to be worth), vouloir (to want) Ex je peux, tu peux

“Finir” pattern of ir verb conjugation — + how to tell it’s in this pattern

Je -is Tu -is Il -it Nous -issons Vois -issez Ils -issent How to tell: Describe the process of becoming. Ex: grossir - to become big Finir - to become the end.get to the end Rougir - to become red

“Partir” pattern of ir verb conjugation

Je -s Tu -s Il -t Nous -ons Vous -ez Ils -ent

Have fun (idiom)

Ça Ça profites

You must see it

Il faut le voir

Crazy

Fou

Who is it - 2 ways

1. Qui est-ce 2. C’est Qui

Speaking in tu/informal form Vs Speaking in vous/formal form

Tutoter Vs Vouvoyer

Mainstream/fluent speaker/fluently (like water)

Couramment

The worst.

Le pire/la pire

Past participle of apprendre

Appris

An explanation

Une explication

Vivre - conjugation (to live)

je vis te vis il/elle vit nous vivons vous vivez ils/elles vivent