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Languages > French Grammar > Flashcards

French Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

C’est une tasse

A

It’s a cup

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2
Q

C’est beau

A

It’s beautiful

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3
Q

C’est bien

A

It’s good

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4
Q

C’est bon

A

It’s good

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5
Q

Ce sont mes affaires

A

This is my stuff

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6
Q

Il est +

A

Il est + adjective
Il est + time
Il est + noun (no article)
Il est + nationality (no article)

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7
Q

Masculine topics

A

Days of the week, seasons, languages, weights and metrics, English words used in French

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8
Q

Il est beau

A

Its beautiful

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9
Q

Il est tard

A

It’s late (not he’s late)

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10
Q

Il est ennuyant

A

He’s annoying

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11
Q

Il est deux heures

A

It’s 2:00

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12
Q

Il est minuit

A

It’s midnight

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13
Q

Il est cassier

A

He’s a cashier

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14
Q

Il est fermier

A

He’s a farmer

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15
Q

Il est vendeur

A

He’s a vendor

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16
Q

Il est suisse

A

It’s swiss (adjective, no caps)

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17
Q

Ce bonbon

A

This candy

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18
Q

Cette couverture

A

This cover

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19
Q

Cette homme

A

This man (use cette when preceding h sounds)

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20
Q

Ses chaussettes

A

These socks

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21
Q

Ces bouteilles

A

These bottles

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22
Q

Cette plante a besoin d’eau

A

This plant needs water

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23
Q

Tu fumes ne plus

A

You don’t smoke anymore

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24
Q

Ne +

A

Ne + verb + pas -
Ne + verb + plus - no longer
Ne + verb + jamais - never
Ne + verb + que - only
Ne + verb + rien - nothing
Ne + verb + pas encore - not yet
Ne… personne - nobody
Ne… ni… ni… - neither… nor… (rare)

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25
Q

Il ne boit jamais

A

He never drinks

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26
Q

Elle n’aime que le chocolat

A

She only likes chocolate

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27
Q

On ne donne rien

A

We give nothing

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28
Q

Elle n’est pas encore là???

A

She isn’t there yet?

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29
Q

Vous n’aimez personne

A

You like no one

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30
Q

Il n’a argent, ni travail

A

He has neither money nor a job

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31
Q

Indefinite articles and partitive articles in a negative sentence

A

Un/une/des, and du/de la/ des, all become de/d’ in a negative sentence

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32
Q

Tu ne mange d’ananas

A

You are not eating a pineapple

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33
Q

Je ne veux de pain

A

I don’t want bread

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34
Q

Definite articles in a negative sentence

A

Le/la/l’/les, C’est, and être, all stay the same. (Keep in mind for être sentences using un)

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35
Q

J’ai pas DE rendezvous

A

I don’t have a meeting. (Not j’ai pas UN rendezvous)

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36
Q

T’as plus d’eau

A

You don’t have water anymore?

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37
Q

Il n’a qu’une chance

A

He only has one chance

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38
Q

Ne pas w/ infinitive

A

Ne pas stays together when paired with an infinitive

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39
Q

Il ne me demande de venir ne pas maintenent
???????

A

He’s not asking me to come now
?????

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40
Q

Passé composé
????

A

Goes around the present tense verb
????

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41
Q

Il y avait

A

There was
(Il yavay)

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42
Q

Il y aura

A

There will be
(Il yura)

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43
Q

Il n’ya pas de chien dans la jardin

A

There isn’t a dog in the garden

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44
Q

Salut. Comment ça va?

A

Hi. How are you doing?

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45
Q

Salut. À la prochaine

A

Bye, see you next time

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46
Q

À bientot

A

See you soon

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47
Q

À demain

A

See you tomorrow

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48
Q

Au revoir

A

Goodbye

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49
Q

Bonsoir

A

Good evening

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50
Q

Bonne nuit

A

Good night

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51
Q

D’accord

A

Ok

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52
Q

Merci beaucoup

A

Thanks a lot

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53
Q

De rien

A

You’re welcome

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54
Q

Il est quelle heure?

A

What time is it?

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55
Q

Quelle heure est-il

A

What time is it?

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56
Q

Où sont les toilettes?

A

Where is the bathroom?

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57
Q

Enchanté(e)

A

Nice to meet you

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58
Q

Bien sûr

A

Of course

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59
Q

Bien sûr que c’est le cas.

A

Of course that’s the case

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60
Q

Je peux…

A

May I…

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61
Q

Utiliser

A

To use

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62
Q

Dictionnaire

A

Dictionary

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63
Q

Je suis desolé(e)

A

I’m sorry

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64
Q

Pourquoi?

A

Why?

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65
Q

C’est vrai?

A

Really?

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66
Q

C’est pas vrai

A

It’s not true

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67
Q

Je ne comprends pas

A

I don’t understand

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68
Q

Qu’est-ce que tu veux être quand tu grandiras?

A

What do you want to be when you grow up?

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69
Q

Plus tard

A

Later

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70
Q

Qu’est-ce que tu veux être plus tard

A

What do you want to be when you grow up? (Later)

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71
Q

Faire du velo

A

To bike

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72
Q

Faire

A

To do

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73
Q

Faire la cuisine

A

To cook (to do food)

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74
Q

Qu’est-ce que tu aimes faire?

A

What do you like to do?

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75
Q

Dire

A

To say

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76
Q

Je dis beaucoup de bêtises

A

I say a lot of silly things

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77
Q

Qu’est-ce que je peux dire?

A

What can i say?

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78
Q

Pouvoir

A

Can

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79
Q

When to use à

A

Followed by a country/city
Time, age, distance, rate
Manners and characteristics
Possession, food, festivities, goodbyes
Specific ways of travel
ALWAYS when expressing pain
To show the purpose of something

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80
Q

Être a l’heure

A

To be on time

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81
Q

Être à

A

To belong to (someone)

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82
Q

Être à courant

A

To be informed

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83
Q

Il est toujours à l’heure

A

He’s always on time

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84
Q

Ce stylo est à mon père

A

This pen is my father’s

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85
Q

Days of the week

A

Monday - Lundi
Tuesday - Mardi
Wednesday - Mercredi
Thursday - Jeudi
Friday - Vendredi
Saturday - Samedi
Sunday - Dimanche

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86
Q

Week

A

Semaine

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87
Q

Seasons

A

Saisons:
Summer - Été
Fall - Tomber/Automne
Winter - Hiver
Spring - source?

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88
Q

Je arrive à 5 heure

A

I’m arriving at 5 o’clock

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89
Q

Il s’est marié à 35 ans

A

he got married at 35

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90
Q

L’employee est payé à l’heure

A

the employee is paid per hour

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91
Q

Laver ce manteau à la machine à laver

A

wash this coat in the washing machine

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92
Q

C’est voiture à la Jean

A

this car belongs to Jean

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93
Q

C’est à toi?

A

is this yours?

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94
Q

Un sandwich au thon

A

a tuna sandwich

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95
Q

Un thé à la vanille

A

vanilla tea

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96
Q

Je suis venu(e) à pied???

A

I’m going on foot

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97
Q

Elles sont venu à velo

A

They are going by bike

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98
Q

J’ai mal au pied

A

i have foot pain

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99
Q

Tu as mal à l’estomac

A

you have stomach pain

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100
Q

Un verre à vin

A

a wineglass

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101
Q

Un verre de vin

A

a glass OF wine

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102
Q

À demain

A

see you tomorrow

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103
Q

Á vendredi

A

see you Friday

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104
Q

À bientôt

A

see you soon

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105
Q

À plus tard

A

see you later

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106
Q

C’est bon à savoir

A

it’s good to know

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107
Q

Le touriste demande son chemin á un officier de police

A

The tourist is asking his way to a police officer

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108
Q

Un a envoyé une carte de noël à nos amis

A

We sent a Christmas card to our friends

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109
Q

Il a fait mal à sa sœur

A

he hurt his sister

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110
Q

VERB + à + NOUN:

A

Acheter ____ à ____- to buy sth for sb
Demander __à___- to ask for sth for sb
Envoyer ___à___- to send to sb
Faire mal à ____- to hurt sb
Jouer à ___- to play sth
Plaire a ___- to please sb
Reponder __- to respond to sb
Téléphoner ___- to call sb

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111
Q

VERB + à + INFINITIVE

A

Aider à faire ___ to help to do sth
Chercher á faire ___ to try to do something
Commencer à faire ___ to begin to do something
Hésiter à faire ___ to hesitate to do sth
Se mettre à faire ___ to begin doing sth
Réfléchir à faire ____ to think about doing sth
Servir à faire ____ to be used to do sth (like a tool)
Tenir à faire ____ to insist on doing sth

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112
Q

J’hésite à quitter mon travail

A

i hesitate to quit my job

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113
Q

Cela commence à m’embêter

A

it’s starting to bother me

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114
Q

Être + adj + à

A

Être prêt à - to be ready to
Être autorisé/autorisée à- to be authorized to
Être habitué/habituée à- to be used to(accustomed)
Être occupé/occupée à- to be busy with

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115
Q

Je suis prêt à partir

A

I’m ready to leave

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116
Q

On habitués à dormir tard

A

We used to sleeping later

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117
Q

Le seul + à

A

Le seul à- the only one who (m)
La seule à- the only one who (f)
Les seuls à- the only ones who (m)
Les seules à- the only ones who (f)

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118
Q

Il était le seul à venir me voir

A

he was the only one that came to see me

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119
Q

Ils sont nombreux à chercher la réponse

A

many are looking for an answer

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120
Q

The last one(s)

A

Le/les Dernier(s)
La/les dernière(s)

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121
Q

Je suis la deuxième à arriver

A

I was the second to arrive

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122
Q

Quantities with de

A

Beaucoup de- a lot of
Peu de- a little of
Moins de- less of

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123
Q

Je viens de la belgique-

A

i am coming from Belgium

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124
Q

Il arrive du luxembourg-

A

he’s arriving from Luxembourg

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125
Q

Elle part de new york-

A

she is leaving from New York

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126
Q

Un sac de couchage-

A

sleeping bag

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127
Q

Nous partons du mardi au vendredi

A

We’re leaving from Tuesday to Thursday

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128
Q

J’ai lu le livre de début à la fin-

A

I’ve read the book from beginning to end

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129
Q

La plus belle femme du monde

A

the prettiest woman in the world

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130
Q

La meilleur hôtel de la ville

A

the best hotel in the city

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131
Q

Beaucoup de

A

a lot of

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132
Q

Peu de

A

a little of

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133
Q

Moins de

A

less of

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134
Q

Être d’accord

A

to agree

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135
Q

Être de bonne humeur

A

to be in a good mood

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136
Q

Étre de mauvaise humeur

A

to be in a bad mood

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137
Q

Être de retour

A

to be back

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138
Q

Je suis de bonne humeur aujourd’hui

A

I’m in a good mood today

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139
Q

Ils sont déjà de retour

A

they are already back

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140
Q

VERB + DE + NOUN/INFINITIVE:

A

S’approcher de ____, to approach sb/sth
Avoir de _____ to arrive at a place (endroit means place)
Avoir besoin de ___ to need sb/sth
Avoir peur de____ to be afraid of sb/sth
Parle de ___ to talk about sb/sth
Penser de ____ to think about sb/sth
Rêver de____ to dream about sb/sth
Se souvenir de ____ to remember sb/sth

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141
Q

Je me souviens de cette histoire

A

i remember this history?

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142
Q

Le directeur parle du projet avec enthousiasme

A

????

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143
Q

VERB + DE + INFINITIVE???

A

Accepter de (infinitive) qqch- to accept to do sth
Avoir raison de (infinitive) qqch- to be right to do sth
Conseiller de (infinitive) qqch- to counsel to do sth
Offrir de (infinitive) qqch- to offer to do sth
Refuser de (infinitive) qqch- to refuse to do sth
Rêver de (infinitive) qqch- to dream to do sth
Souvenir de (infinitive) qqch- to remember to do sth
Venir de (infinitive) qqch- to have just done sth??

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144
Q

Nous avons besoin de temp

A

???

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145
Q

J’ai offert d’aider ma grand-mère ce weekend

A

???

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146
Q

Elle rêve de travailler de centre-ville

A

???

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147
Q

L’élève refuse de faire ses devoirs

A

the student refuses to do his homework
(devoirs-homework is always plural)

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148
Q

‘Être en train de’

A

In the process of…
(emphasizes what you’re doing at right now)

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149
Q

Je suis en train d’écrire un livre

A

i am writing a book

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150
Q

Nous sommes en train d’y réfléchir

A

we are thinking about it

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151
Q

Le chat en train de se levacher

A

the cat is cleaning himself

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152
Q

Être sur le point + de + infinitive

A

to be about to

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153
Q

Je suis sur le point de partir

A

i’m about to leave

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154
Q

La branche est sur le point de tomber

A

the branch is about to fall

155
Q

Être + adjective + de + infinitive verb

A

Être anxieux(se) de- to be anxious to
Être enchanté(e) de- to be delighted to
Être fatigué(e) de- to be tired to
Être heureux(se) de - to be happy to
Etre obligé(e) de- to be obligated to
Être reconnaissant(e)- to be thankful to
Être satisfait(e) de- to be satisfied to
Être triste de- to be sad to

156
Q

Nous sommes triste de partir

A

we’re sad to leave

157
Q

Elle est anxieuse de prends l’avion

A

She’s anxious to take the plane

158
Q

La cassière est fatiguée de travailler

A

???

159
Q

Il est + adjective + de + infinitive verb

A

Il est bon de- it’s good to
Il est interdit de-it is forbidden to
Il est possible de-it is possible to
Il est inutile de- it’s useless to
(Est is a non personal verb, so the adjective after will remain singular masculine ALWAYS)

160
Q

Il est possible de retourner ces articles

A

it’s possible to return these articles

161
Q

Il est interdit de fumer l’interior

A

it’s forbidden to smoke inside

162
Q

Il est inutile de se mettre en colére

A

it’s useless to be angry

163
Q

C’est + adjective + de + infinitive verb

A

C’est interdit de - it’s forbidden to
C’est dificile de - it’s difficult to
C’est bien de - it’s good to
C’est dommage de- it’s too bad to

164
Q

When to use en?

A

Years, months, and seasons
How long sth takes
Transportation
In _____ (language)
Materials (wool sweater, etc.)
Feminine countries except ending in e
Masculine countries starting with noun (aux etats unis, not en)

165
Q

Le dîner sera prêt en 5 minutes

A

Dinner will be ready in 5 minutes

166
Q

On mange toujours en 10 minutes

A

we always eat in 10 minutes

167
Q

Elles vont en vacances en avion

A

they went on vacation by plane

168
Q

Je regarde la télé en espagnol

A

I’m watching tv in spanish

169
Q

Un collier en argent

A

a silver necklace

170
Q

Un veste en cuir

A

a leather jacket

171
Q

Une Etagere en bois

A

a wooden shelf

172
Q

COMMON ÊTRE & EN sayings

A

Être en avance- to be early
Être en retard- to be late
Être en vacances- to be on vacation
Être en colère- to be angry
Être en vie- to be alive
Être en train de (+ infinitive)-to be in the process of…
Être en forme- to be in shape
Être en bonne santé- to be healthy (There is no direct translation for healthy, santé = health
Être en panne- to be out of order

173
Q

Les clients sont arrivés en retard

A

clients arrived late

174
Q

ALLER CONJUGATIONS

A

Je vais
Tu Vas
Il-Elle-On va
Nous allons
Vous allez
Ils-Elles vont

175
Q

SIMPLE PREPOSITIONS of PLACE::

A

Contre - against
Dans - in
Derrière -behind
Devant - in front of
Entre - in between
Sous - under
Sur - on top of

176
Q

La televisión est contre le mur

A

The tv is against the wall

177
Q

Le couteau est dans le tiroir

A

The knife is in the drawer

178
Q

La voiture est devant la sortie

A

The car is in front of the exit

179
Q

La lampe est entre le mur et le canapé

A

The lamp is in between the wall and the couch

180
Q

Le monstre est sous la lit

A

The monster is under the bed

181
Q

PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE FOLLOWED BY DE

A

À côté de- next to
À droite de- to the right of
À gauche de-to the left of
Au bord de- by or on the edge of
Au-dessous de- below
Au-dessus de- above (think pyramid, above is shorter than below)
Au milieu de- in the middle of
En face de- facing, or in front of
Pres de- near
Loin de- far from

182
Q

La verre d’eau à côté du livr

A

The glass of water is next to the book

183
Q

Je suis à gauche de la sortie

A

I’m to the left of the exit

184
Q

Nous sommes au bord de la plage

A

We are by the beach

185
Q

Le nounours est au-dessus de l’armoire

A

The teddy bear is above the dresser

186
Q

L’enfant est au milieu du parc

A

The baby is in the middle of the park

187
Q

C’est loin d’ici-

A

its far from here

188
Q

SIMPLE PREPOSITIONS OF TIME

A

à - at (exact time)
En - in (duration)
Dans - in (time until sth happens)
Apres - after
Avant - before
Depuis - since/for

189
Q

Il a fini son examen en une heure

A

He finished his exam in an hour

190
Q

Nous partons dans 10 minutes

A

We are leaving in 10 minutes

191
Q

J’enseigne depuis 2019

A

I have been been teaching since 2019

192
Q

JUSQU’U / AU / AUX / OÙ / EN

A

Until, before, to, and up to

193
Q

Nous serons en vacance jusqu’au 19 marche (for dates)

A

We are on vacation until March 19

194
Q

Plus que deux mois jusqu’à Noël

A

Only 2 months before christmas

195
Q

On voyage jusqu’à Londres -

A

We are travelling up to london

196
Q

Il court jusqu’au parc

A

He is running up to the park

197
Q

Jusqu’où est-ce qu’il doit aller?

A

Until where does he have to go?

198
Q

Jusqu’en

A

(TIME duration) (DESTINATION INCLUDING FEMININE COUNTRY):

199
Q

Il a Jusqu’en juin pour étudier l

A

Il a Jusqu’en juin pour étudier - He has until june to study

200
Q

Cette personne a marché jusqu’en Chine

A

This person walked to China

201
Q

DURANT / PENDANT

A

during/for
DURANT PENDANT (PENDANT is more common, but they’re interchangeable)
(general situations or vague future actions)

202
Q

J’ai dormi pendant 8 heures

A

I’ve slept for 8 hours

203
Q

Il a nagé durant une heure

A

he swam for an hour

204
Q

Je commanderai ce livre pendant la semaine

A

I will order this book during the week

205
Q

Je ne travaille jamais durant les fêtes

A

I never work during the holidays

206
Q

POUR

A

(for, can be replaced by pendant, but not durant.)
known duration in the future

207
Q

Je serai partie pour/pendant 3 jours

A

I will be gone for 3 days

208
Q

Il viendra pour/pendant une semaine

A

he will come for a week

209
Q

PAR -

A

Though, by, per, for, and around
different from une part (a share/piece)

210
Q

Je pars

A

(I leave/I am leaving)

211
Q

Je fais ça par habitude -

A

I do that by habit

212
Q

Il a fait ça par amour -

A

He did that for love

213
Q

C’est mieux d’acheter par kilo -

A

It’s better to buy per kilo

214
Q

Le tissu coûte par 3 euros par mètre -

A

The fabric costs 3 euros per meter

215
Q

Il regarde par la fenêtre -

A

He is looking by the window

216
Q

Nous habitons par ici -

A

We are living around here

217
Q

VERBS WITH PAR:

A

entrer par- to enter by
finir par - to end up ___
habiter par ici - to live around here
Venir par - to come by

218
Q

Le voisins ont fini par vendre la maison -

A

The neighbors ended up selling the house

219
Q

Les moustiques rentrent par la porte -

A

Mousquitos are coming by the door

220
Q

POUR-

A

for, per, in favor of, on behalf of

221
Q

Le cadeau est pour mon frére -

A

The gift is for my brother

222
Q

C’est le train pour Paris -

A

It’s the train for Paris

223
Q

50 pour cent -

A

50 percent

224
Q

VERBS WITH POUR:

A

Compter pour - to be worth
Ètre pour - to be in favor of
Partir pour - to leave for
Voter pour - to vote for

225
Q

Ça compte pour du beurre -

A

It counts for nothing
(literally, it counts for butter)

226
Q

On a voté pour le président -

A

We voted for the president

227
Q

Il faut faire quelque chose à propos de la toiture -

A

We must do something about the roof

228
Q

Il est avec les enfants -

A

He is with the children

229
Q

Il va pleuvoir d’après la météo -

A

It’s going to rain according to the weather

230
Q

Les ventes représentent environ 50% des revenus -

A

Sales represents approximately 50% of the income

231
Q

La voiture fonctionne malgré les problèmes -

A

The car works despite the issues

232
Q

Le virus se propage parmi les personne âgées -

A

the virus is spreading among old people

233
Q

Nous passons un week-end sans les enfants -

A

We spend a weekend without the children

234
Q

Ils ont trouvé tous les trésors sauf un -

A

They found all the treasures except one

235
Q

Selon le documentaire, les voitures électriques sont l’avenir -

A

according to the documentary, electric cars are the futur

236
Q

Cette photo a été prise vers 2005 -

A

This photo was taken around 2005
Vers/Envers -towards, around (time, only vers)

237
Q

Il est docteur -

A

He is a doctor (C’est un docteur is also correct),

238
Q

Il fait par habitude -

A

He does that by habit

239
Q

L’Europe est sous eau -

A

Europe is under water (l’eau would be specific water)

240
Q

Tu ne te sentiras pas mieux sans étirements -

A

you won’t feel better without stretching

241
Q

Elle cherche un appartement avec balcon -

A

She is looking for an apartment with balcony

242
Q

Elle a reçu plusieurs invitations -

A

She got several invitations

243
Q

Il a beaucoup de problèmes -

A

He has a lot of problems

244
Q

Elle est devenue mère au foyer

A

She became a stay at home mom

245
Q

Il est devenu infirmier -

A

He became a nurse

246
Q

Elle est avocate -

A

She is a lawyer

247
Q

When Not Using an Article

A

To indicate a profession (AFTER IL EST): After de if the noun is plural and after references of quantity
AFTER PARLER WHEN TALKING ABOUT LANGUAGES,
after some prepositions when talking in a general way:
AVEC, SANS, SOUS, EN, PAR

248
Q

Je parle français depuis plusieurs années

A
  • I have been speaking french for a few years.
    (NO ADJECTIVES AFTER PARLER WHEN TALKING ABOUT LANGUAGES)
249
Q

SAME VERB, DIFFERENT PREPOSITION
Aller ver + time
Aller vers + location

A

to go around + time
to go toward + location

250
Q

L’avion va vers Bruxelles

A

The place is going towards Brussels

251
Q

Apprendre à
Apprendre par

A

Apprendre à - to learn to
Apprendre par - to learn from

252
Q

Elle a appris la nouvelle par sa sœur

A

She learned the news from her sister

253
Q

Arriver à
Arriver de + location

A

Arriver à - to manage/ to succeed
Arriver de + location - to arrive from

254
Q

Chercher
Chercher à
Chercher dans

A

Chercher - To look for
Chercher à - To try to
Chercher dans - to look in

255
Q

Elle cherche à nous persuader

A

She is trying to persuade us

256
Q

Commencer à
Commencer par

A

Commencer à - To start to
Commencer par - To start by

257
Q

Il commence à faire chaud

A

It’s starting to be hot

258
Q

Commence par ranger ta chambre et après je déciderai

A

Begin by tidying up your room and after I will decide

259
Q

Compter
Compter pour
Compter sur

A

Compter - to expect
Compter pour - To be worth
Compter sur - to count on

260
Q

Le maire compte être réélu

A

The mayor is expecting to be reelected

261
Q

Cela compte pour du beurre

A

That counts for nothing (Cela vs. ça)

262
Q

Il peut compter sur moi

A

He can count on me

263
Q

Croire
Croire à
Croire en

A

Croire - To think
Croire à - to believe something
Croire en - to believe in (a person/god)

264
Q

Il croire tout ce que je dis

A

He believes everything I say

265
Q

Il ne croit pas à cette théorie

A

He doesn’t believe this theory

266
Q

Il croit en Dieu

A

He believes in God

267
Q

Donner
Donner sur

A

Donner - to give
Donner sur - to overlook(like a cliff)/to open on

268
Q

Elle lui a donné la chambre qui donne sur la piscine

A

She gave him the room that overlooks the pool

269
Q

Être à
Être pour
Être vers + time

A

Être à - to belong to
Être pour - to be in favor of
Être vers + time - to be near + time

270
Q

C’est vers 15 heures

A

It’s around 3 pm

271
Q

C’est à lui

A

It’s his

272
Q

Finir de
finir pas

A

Finir de - to finish
finir pas - to end up

273
Q

Je viens de finir de travailler mais je vais finir par démissionner

A

I just finished work, but I will end up quitting

274
Q

Parler à
Parler de
Parler pour

A

Parler à - to talk to
Parler de - To talk about
Parler pour - To speak for

275
Q

Il parle pour tout le monde

A

He is speaking on behalf of everyone

276
Q

Il parle à sa sœur de son projet

A

He is talking to his sister about his project (de can be far from parle)

277
Q

Partir de
Partir dans + time
Partir pour

A

Partir de - To leave
Partir dans + time - to leave in + time
Partir pour - To leave for

278
Q

Nous partons de l’hôtel dans 10 minutes pour la gare

A

We are leaving the hotel in 10 minutes for the train station

279
Q

Tenir à
Tenir de

A

Tenir à - to insist/to be attached to (sentimentally)
Tenir de - to take after

280
Q

Je tiens à ce collier

A

I am attached to this necklace

281
Q

Je tiens de mon père

A

I take after my dad

282
Q

Venir de
Venir par

A

Venir de - to have just
Venir par - To come by

283
Q

Tu viens de partir

A

You have just left

284
Q

Il vient par la vieille route

A

He is coming by the old road

285
Q

3 ways to ask a yes no question:

A
  1. just add a question mark
  2. est-ce que in front of the subject (a little more formal)
  3. Inversion (most formal)
286
Q

Est-ce disponible?

A

Is it available? (est-ce is pronounce ess)

287
Q

Adding a t before il in an inversion:

A

aime il le jus d’orange? is clumsy. instead:
aime-t-il le jus de orange? Does he like orange juice?

288
Q

INTERROGATIVE ADVERBS:

A

Quand - when
Comment - how
Pourquoi - why
Où - where
Combien - how many/much
Combien de - how many/much (followed by noun or adjective)

289
Q

Formal vs Informal questions using interrogative adverbs:

A

FORMAL:
adverb + est-ce que + the rest
adverb + inversion

INFORMAL
question + adverb
adverb + question

290
Q

When are you leaving? Formal and informal

A

formal:
Quand est-ce que tu pars? when are you leaving? (d in Quand turns into a t with liaison)
Quand pars-tu? When are you leaving?

informal:
tu pars quand? When are you leaving?

291
Q

How are you formal vs informal

A

formal
Comment est-ce que vous allez? How are you? (only have liaisons on comment for comment est-ce que and comment allez)

informal
Comment tu vas? How are you?
Comment vous allez? How are you? (informal plural)

292
Q

Why are they doing that? Formal and informal

A

Formal
Pourquoi est-ce qu’ils font ça? Why are they doing that?
Pourquoi font-ils ça? Why are they doing that?

Informal
Pourquoi ils font ça? Why are they doing that?

293
Q

Where do you live?

A

Formal
Où est-ce que tu vis? (où est turns into west)
Où vis-tu?

Informal
Tu vis où?

294
Q

How much did you get? Formal vs informal

A

Formal
Combien est-ce que tu as reçu?
Combien as-tu reçu? (passe compose)

Informal
Tu as reçu combien?

295
Q

How many friends do you have?

A

Formal
Combien d’amis est-ce que tu as?
Combien d’amis as-tu?

Informal
Tu as combien d’amis? (combien d’amis instead of amis combien de because you CAN’T end on prepositions apparently)

296
Q

Qui

A

Qui or Qui est-ce qui - who
NO INVERSIONS

Qui or Qui est-ce que - whom
INVERSIONS ALLOWED

297
Q

Proposition + qui

A

À qui - to whom
De qui - about whom
Avec qui - with whom

298
Q

Who has seen this film?

A

Qui a vu ce film? (If you replace who with I, then it’s the subject, the object would be ‘me’???)
Qui est-ce qui a vu ce film?

299
Q

Whom did you see? Formal and informal

A

Qui as-tu vu?
Qui est-ce que tu as vu?

300
Q

To whom are you speaking?

A

À qui parles-tu?
À qui est-ce tu parles?

301
Q

To whom are you speaking?

A

À qui parles-tu?
À qui est-ce tu parles?

302
Q

Que

A

Qu’est-ce qui (what is the subject)
NO INVERSIONS

Qu’est-ce que
INVERSIONS ALLOWED

303
Q

What’s wrong? (qu’est-ce qui)

A

Qu’est-ce qui ne va pas?

304
Q

What do you want? (Inversion and est-ce que)

A

Que veux-tu? What do you want?
Qu’est-ce que tu veux? What do you want?

305
Q

Quoi

A

Quoi (like que, but at the end of the sentence?)

306
Q

Quoi with prepositions:

A

de/avec/à… quoi
AFTER A PREPOSITION, QUE ALWAYS BECOMES QUOI

307
Q

What are you thinking about?

A

À quoi penses-tu? (inversion)
À quoi est-ce que tu penses?

Tu penses à quoi? (informal)

308
Q

What are you talking about?

A

De quoi parles-tu? (inversion)
De quoi est-ce que tu parles?

Tu parles de quoi? (informal)

309
Q

With what are you cooking?

A

Avec quoi cuisines-tu? (inversion)
Avec quoi est-ce que tu cuisines?

Tu cuisines avec quoi? (informal)

310
Q

Quel/Lequel

A

Quel/Quels - masculine what/which
Quelle/Quelles - feminine what/which
Quel is almost always followed by a noun. When it’s followed by a noun, inversions and ‘est-ce que’ is allowed

311
Q

When to use inversions with Quel/lequel

A

Quel + noun (inversion and est-ce que are allowed)

Quel + verb (inversion and est-ce que are NOT allowed, same as english)

Quel + prepositions (inversion and est-ce que are allowed)

Quelle + noun + . (same as english)

312
Q

When to use inversions with Quel

A

Quel + noun (inversion and est-ce que are allowed)

Quel + verb (inversion and est-ce que are NOT allowed, same as english)

Quel + prepositions (inversion and est-ce que are allowed)

Quelle + noun + . (same as english)

313
Q

What dish did you order? Formal and informal

A

Quel plat as-tu commandé? (inversion)
Quel plat est-ce que tu as commandé?
Tu as commandé quel plat? (informal)

314
Q

What is your favorite movie?

A

Quel est ton film préféré? (No inversions; quel + verb)

315
Q

What city do you come from?

A

De quelle ville viens-tu? (inversion)
De quelle ville est-ce que tu viens? Tu viens de quelle ville? (informal)

316
Q

Lequel

A

Which one?
m. sing. Lequel
f. sing. Laquelle
m. pl. Lesquels
f. pl. Lesquels

317
Q

Lequel replacing the subject

A

Laquelle (de ces peintures) est-ce que tu préfères? Which one (of these paintings) do you prefer?
Lequel est-ce que tu veux? Which one do you want?
Lesquelles (de ces fleurs) veux-tu? Which ones (of these flowers) do you want?

318
Q

Il est bien arrivé, n’est-ce pas?

A

He arrived safely, didn’t he?

319
Q

Il a réussi, non?

A

He made it, didn’t he?

320
Q

TAG QUESTIONS

A

TAG QUESTIONS
there’s no ‘aren’t you?’ equivalent at the end of a question.
instead there are tag questions.
N’est-ce pas? Hein? and Non? D’accord?

Si? (for negative questions only.)

TO ANSWER A NEGATIVE QUESTION, DON’T USE OUI, use SI

321
Q

Did you miss your flight? (Answer with si)

A

Tu n’as pas raté ton avion?
Si, j’ai dû attendre le prochain vol.

322
Q

It was delicious, thank you

A

C’etait delicieux, merci

323
Q

Me compliments au chef

A

My compliments to the chef

324
Q

How do you answer negative questions?

A

Answer negative questions with Si instead of Oui

325
Q

Adjectives ending in e

A

Libre - free, célèbre - famous, etc. already ends in e, so no change in gender (just add ‘s’ for plural)

326
Q

RULE FOR ADJECTIVES ENDING IN é, i, or u

A

Agé - old, vrai - true
m.s. Agé, f.s. Agée, mp âgés, fp gées
ms Vrai, fs Vraie, mp Vrais, fp Vraies

327
Q

ADJECTIVES ENDING IN T, D, N, S
Amusant - funny, Blond - blond, Prochain - next, Anglais - english

A

ms amusant, fs amusante, mp amusants, fp amusantes
ms blond, fs blonde, mp blonds, fp blondes
ms prochain (shun), fs prochaine (shain), mp prochains, fp prochaines
ms anglias, fs anglaise (between 2 vowels, s makes z sound), mp anglais (don’t add s after s,x,or z), fp anglaises

328
Q

ADJECTIVES ENDING IN EUX

A

heureux - happy
ms heureux, fs heureuse, mp heureux, fp heureuses

329
Q

ADJECTIVES ENDING IN F
Actif - active, Neuf - new (can be form of nouveau or 9)

A

ms actif, fs active, mp actifs, fp actives
ms neuf, fs neuve, mp neufs, fp neuves

330
Q

ADJECTIVES ENDING IN ER
Fier - proud ( fee - er), premier (prem ye)

A

ms fier, fs fière, mp fiers, fp fières
ms premier, fs première (prem yer), mp premiers, fp première

331
Q

ADJECTIVES ENDING IN AL
special social

A

ms special, fs speciale, mp speciaux, fp speciales
ms social, fs sociale, mp sociaux, fp sociales

332
Q

ADJECTIVES WITH DOUBLE ENDINGS
Bas, Gentile

A

ms bas, fs basse (s sound, not z), mp bas, fp basses
ms gentile, fs gentille (gent iye), mp gentils, fp gentilles

333
Q

IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES (sort)

A

Blanc (blon) - white
ms blanc, fs blanche, mp blancs, fp blanches

Doux - soft
ms doux, fs douce, mp doux, fp douces

Favori - Favorite
ms favori, fs favorite, mp favoris, fp favorites

Fou - Crazy
ms fou, fs folle, mp fous, fp folles

Frais (fre) - fresh
ms frais, fs fraîche, mp frais, fp fraîches

Long (lon) - long
ms long, fs longue (pronounced long), mp longs, fp longues

Sec - dry
ms sec, fs sèche, mp secs, fp sèches

Inquiet - worried
ms inquiet (un qiye), fs inquiète (unqiyet), mp inquiets, fp inquiètes

Marron - brown
ms,fs,mp,fp: Marron

Orange
ms,fs,mp,fp: Orange

334
Q

ADJECTIVES WITH A 5TH CHOICE
Nouveau

A

ms nouveau, fs nouvelle, mp nouveaux, fp nouvelles
when followed by vowel: nouvel

335
Q

Vieux - old

A

ms vieux, fs vieille, mp vieux, fp vieilles
with vowel: vieil

336
Q

Beau - beautiful

A

ms beau, fs belle, mp beaux, fp belles
with vowel: bel

337
Q

Tout - all

A

ms tout, fs toute, mp tous, fp touse

338
Q

10 COMMON ADJECTIVES

A

courageux/courageuse - brave
désolé/désolée - sorry
difficile/difficile - difficult
entier/entière - whole
fort/forte - strong
grave/grave - serious
lent/lente - slow
ouverte/ouverte open
petit/petite - small
suivant/suivante - next

339
Q

ADJECTIVES & BRANDS

A

J’ai une nouvelle mercedez - I have a new mercedez (takes the gender of la voiture?)
J’ai un nouvel Iphone - I have a new iphone (takes the gender of un téléphone, add l for vowel i)

340
Q

Where is the adjective placed most often in French

A

MOST ADJETIVES ARE PLACED AFTER THE NOUN
e.g un plat delicieux - A delicious dish

341
Q

When are adjectives placed before the noun?

A

Beauty,
Age,
Number
Goodness
Size

342
Q

a pretty landscape

A

Un joli paysage (adj. first)

343
Q

a new product

A

Un nouveau produit (adj. first)

344
Q

the second singer

A

Le deuxième chanteur - adj first

345
Q

a good pie

A

Une bonne tarte - adj first

346
Q

a bad choice

A

Un mauvais choix - adj first

347
Q

a better grade

A

Une meilleure note -adj first

348
Q

MORE THAN ONE ADJ.

A

follow the same rules for before and after.
if both before, don’t change anything
If they’re both after, add et

349
Q

The big bad wolf

A

le grand méchant loup (2adj)

350
Q

it’s hot and humid

A

il fait chaud et humide (un temps chaud et humide)

351
Q

this dish is salty and spicy

A

ce plat est salé et épicé (2adj)

352
Q

WHEN ADJECTIVES HAVE DOUBLE MEANINGS

A

adjectives placed before the noun are usually figurative,
after the noun is usually literal

353
Q

Ancienne before the noun vs. after the noun

A

mon ancienne voiture (My old (former) car), instead of une voiture ancienne (an antique car)

354
Q

Pauvre before the noun vs after the noun.

A

un pauvre enfant (a pitiful child) un enfant pauvre (a monetarily poor child)

355
Q

Dernier after the noun?

A

mardi dernier- last tuesday

356
Q

COMPARATIVE + ADJ.

A

aussi + adj. + que (as + adj. + as)
que + adj. + que (more + adj. + than)
moins + adj. + que (less + adj. + than)
autant que (as much as/as many as)
NOTE: if it is known what you are talking about, you don’t have to add que subject)
e.g. il est moins grande

357
Q

She is as tall as her sister

A

Elle est aussi grande que sa sœur (comparative adj)

358
Q

He is smarter than me

A

Il est plus intelligent que moi (comparative adj)

359
Q

I work as much as my colleague

A

Je travaille autant que mon collègue

360
Q

COMPARATIVE + NOUN

A

autant de + noun + que (as much + noun + as)
plus de + noun + que (more + noun + than)
moins de + noun + (less + noun + than)
THERE IS NO AUSSI FOR NOUNS

361
Q

On a autant d’argent que mon frère

A

We have as much money as my brother

362
Q

PRONOUNCING THE S IN PLUS:

A

DON’T PRONOUNCE THE PLUS IF FOLLOWED BY A CONSONANT,
DO PRONOUNCE THE PLUS WHEN FOLLOWED BY VOWEL OR DE (nouns)
(Don’t pronounce ns in moins)

363
Q

SUPERATIVE + ADJ.

A

le/la/les plus (the most)
le/la/les moins (the least)

364
Q

She is the oldest

A

Elle est la plus âgée (superlative)

365
Q

She is the least difficult

A

Elle est la moins difficile (superlative)

366
Q

ADDING DE

A

She is the oldest of the family
Elle est la plus âgée de la famille

367
Q

IRREGULAR COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

A

Plus Bon (good), becomes meilleur
Plus Mauvais (bad), becomes mauvais
Plus Petit (little), becomes moindre (rare)
(add le for superlatives)

368
Q

He is better than the other runner (plus bon)

A

Il est meilleur que l’autre coureur

369
Q

The result is worse than everything

A

Le résultat est pire que tout

370
Q

C’est la moindre de choses

A

It’s the least we can do
(moindre is rare)

371
Q

Indefinite adjective: describes a noun in a non-specific way

A

indefinite adjectives are ALWAYS before the noun

372
Q

AUTRE

A

Another (same for male/female, add s for plural) (indefinite adj.)

373
Q

Certain people are hard to live with

A

Certaines personnes sont difficiles à vivre (No with, never end on preposition) (certain is an indefinite adj.)

374
Q

Chaque

A

Each (same male/female) (indefinite adj.)

375
Q

Each game has its own rules

A

Chaque jeu a ses propres règles (propre before the noun mean ‘its own’, propre after the noun means ‘clean’)

376
Q

Divers(es)
You can choose between various materials

A

Tu peux choisir entre divers matériaux
(Indirect adj)

377
Q

The association received several donations

A

L’association a reçu plusieurs donations

378
Q

Divers vs. plusiers

A

Divers means various;
Plusiers means several

379
Q

Quelque(s)

A

Some/A few

380
Q

I lost a few kilos

A

J’ai perdu quelques kilos

381
Q

Tel/Telle, Tels/Telles (not very casual)
We don’t make such machines anymore

A

Such
On ne fabrique plus de telles machines

382
Q

Tout/Toute, Tous/Toutes

A

All/every

383
Q

He sleeps all the time

A

Il dort tout le temps (tool tum)

384
Q

All the evidence has been collected

A

Tous les indices ont été collectés (evidence=indices (always plural))

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