French and Indian War

Question 1

Define the French and Indian War

Answer 1

a war that took place from 1754 to 1763 between France and Britian that led to the end of the French power in North America

Question 2

Define the Albany Plan of Union

Answer 2

• Ben Franklin’s idea of one central government for the colonies
• Grand Council: make laws, raise taxes, created unity military
• all the delegates approved but the colonies did not

Question 3

Define the Treaty of Paris

Answer 3

an agreement between Britain and France that ended the French and Indian War in 1763

Question 4

Define the Proclamation of 1763

Answer 4

a law forbidding the English colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains

Question 5

Who was Ben Franklin?

Answer 5

delegate from Pennsylvania; he proposed the Albany Plan of Union

Question 6

Define the guerrilla warfare

Answer 6

fighters who use hit-and-run attacks

Question 7

Define the Parliamnet

Answer 7

representative assembly in England

Question 8

After the Treaty of Paris:

France’s Land Change

Answer 8

• lost all land in Canada; except 2 fishing islands
• lost all land west of the Mississippi River
• kept islands in West Indies

Question 9

After the Treaty of Paris:

Spain’s Land Change

Answer 9

• gained all French land west of the Mississippi River

- gained port of New Orleans

Question 10

After the Treaty of Paris:

Britain’s Land Change

Answer 10

• gained Canada
• gained all French land east of the Mississippi River
• gained Florida from Spain

Question 11

Before the Treaty of Paris:

France’s Land

Answer 11

-New France, Louisiana (Central America)

Question 12

Before the Treaty of Paris:

Spain’s Land

Answer 12

• Florida

- Western North America

Question 13

Before the Treaty of Paris:

Britain’s Land

Answer 13

• East Coast of North America

- East Coast of Canada

Question 14

Before the Treaty of Paris:

Russia’s Land

Answer 14

-Coastal Region of Western North America

Question 15

Why are the British in the Ohio River Valley?

Answer 15

• thought it belonged to them bc of their charter
• needed more farmland due to growing population
• neither the farmers or traders wanted to see the French in control of the ORV

Question 16

Why are the French in the Ohio River Valley?

Answer 16

• depended on trading fur w/ the Native Americans in the ORV
• used the river to travel
• ORV connected their land (Louisiana and Canada)

Question 17

Why are the Native Americans in the Ohio River Valley?

Answer 17

• wanted to escape British settlement

- needed the land to grow crops and hunt

Question 18

Why are the British fighting in the war?

Answer 18

• neither the farmers or traders wanted to see the French in control of the ORV
• wanted to control the valley

Question 19

Why are the French fighting in the war?

Answer 19

• wanted to keep the British out of the ORV

- ORV connected their land (Louisiana and Canada)

Question 20

Why are the Native Americans fighting in the war?

Answer 20

• started neutral to receive gifts from the Europeans
  
  • eventually chose sides based on what was best for them
• wanted to keep their land as their own and their way of life

Question 21

Who sided with the French?

Answer 21

Algonquins and Hurons

Question 22

Who sided with the British?

Answer 22

Iroquois

Question 23

What was the purpose of the Albany Congress meeting?

Answer 23

• secure their alliance with the Iroquois

- wanted to create a united colonial defense

Question 24

What general tried to attack Fort Duquesne?

Answer 24

General Edward Braddock

Question 25

What happened when Braddock attacked Fort Duquesne?

Answer 25

• British were sneak attacked by the French
• General Braddock was killed
• British then lost many battles for the next 2 years

Question 26

Who took charge of the war after Edward Braddock died?

Answer 26

William Pitt

Question 27

What was William Pitt’s job?

Answer 27

new head of the British government

Question 28

What happened when William Pitt took charge?

Answer 28

• he focused on winning battles in the colonies
• they took over forts Niagra, and Ticonderoga
• finally took over Fort Duquesne and renamed it Fort Pitt

Question 29

Describe the location of Quebec

Answer 29

steep cliff overlooking the St. Lawrence River, on the edge of the Plains of Abraham

Question 30

Who was the French general for the Battle for Quebec?

Answer 30

Montcalm

Question 31

Who was the British general for the Battle for Quebec?

Answer 31

Wolfe

Question 32

What was the result of the Battle for Quebec?

Answer 32

• Wolfe and his troops climbed the cliff at night and were ready for battle in the morning
• both generals were killed
• ended on September 18, 1759 bc the French surrendered

Question 33

In which states was the French and Indian War being fought?

Answer 33

Pennsylvania and New York

Question 34

How did Washington’s experience during the French and Indian War help prepare him to later lead the Continental Army?

Answer 34

• learned guerrilla warfare (hiding behind bushes, trees, rocks, ect.)
• learned the value of dedicated people fighting for their territory
• leadership; leading an army

Question 35

What was the difference between the fighting styles of the Native Americans and the British?

Answer 35

• Native Americans used guerrilla warfare

- Britain would stand in line and fight in the open

Question 36

What year did the war start?

Answer 36

1754

Question 37

What year did the war end?

Answer 37

1763

Question 38

After the French and Indian War Britain was in what and why?

Answer 38

Debt because war is expensive and they had to pay for everything back.

Question 39

Define debt

Answer 39

a large amount of money someone owes

Question 40

How did the Britain want the colonies to pay their share of the debt?

Answer 40

• taxes (colonists never had to pay taxes, only people in Britain did)
• not paying for soldiers to protect their frontier

Question 41

Define frontier

Answer 41

a wilderness at the edge of a settled area or country

Question 42

Who controlled the ORV frontier after the war?

Answer 42

The British

Question 43

Why did so many British colonists leave the 13 colonies and move into the frontier?

Answer 43

So they could get more land for settling, farming, and trade

Question 44

Why were the Native American tribes attacking the British colonists in the frontier?

Answer 44

The British were trying to settle in the frontier, which the Native Americans considered their own

Question 45

What was the result of the Proclamation of 1763?

Answer 45

• an attempt to stop the violence between Native Americans and the British
• no settler was allowed west of the Appalachian Mountains (so there would be peace and they would not have to pay for troops)

Question 46

How did the colonists react to the Proclamation?

Answer 46

They were angry and found it unfair bc they spent so long fighting to get the land. They decided to stay in their homes.

Question 47

Where was the Proclamation Line drawn and where were the colonist supposed to stay?

Answer 47

Along the crest of the Appalachian Mountains and they were supposed to stay east of the line

Question 48

Why did the British settlers ignore the Proclamation?

Answer 48

• they thought it wasn’t fair because they worked hard for the land
• they were used to doing what they wanted to

Question 49

Why was it bad that the British settlers ignored the Proclamation?

Answer 49

The colonist kept standing up to Britain until it led to the Revolutionary War.

Question 50

How is the Proclamation of the 1763 an effect of the French and Indian War?

Answer 50

due to the debt from the war Britain could not defend the ORV frontier

Question 51

How is the Proclamation of the 1763 a cause of the American Revolution?

Answer 51

the colonist wanted to move past the Appalachian Mountains but Britain would not let them