French Alzheimer's Disease Flashcards
Alzheimer disease causes an accumulation of what in the brain?
accumulation of tau and amyloid tangles in the brain
For mild-mod-severe alzheimer’s disease, what med should be given
ACHEI’s (anti cholinesterase inhibitors which prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine)
used in patients with decreased Ach
Donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine all prevent an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase from breaking down acetylcholine. This means there is a higher concentration of acetylcholine in the brain, which leads to better communication between nerve cells. This may ease some symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease for a while
a patient with increased excitatory damage resulting in alzheimer’s will benefit from what type of med? (mod to severe)
Memantine (namenda) is in a class of medications called NMDA receptor antagonists. It works by decreasing abnormal activity in the brain.
A patient with mild alzheimer’s disease has accumulation of beta amyloid plaques in the brain. What medication is best for this?
Adacanumab
It is an amyloid beta-directed monoclonal antibody that targets aggregated forms of Amyloid beta found in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s disease to reduce its buildup
What side effects are most prominent with cholinesterase inhibitors?
GI side effects
Adverse reactions of direct-acting + AChEIs are what?
BB SLUDGE (brady, bronchospasm, salivation, lacrimation, urination, defacation, GI cramping, miosis)
Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles result in increased or decreased glutamate release?
Increased
_________ is an ANTAGONIST of the GLU receptor
Memantine
basically an increase in glu is coincided with problems with learning and memory and can result in ca mediated excitotoxicity and cell death
________ is an amyloid beta directed monoclonal antibody that reduces amyloid plaques in the brain
Aducanumab
*used in mild alzheimer’s (not sure if this has a clinical benefit yet- it was the one in the clinical trial)
These are adverse effects of what drug?
A. cerebral edema
B. cerebral microhemorrhages
C. superficial siderosis
Aducanumab
The most common adverse effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are:
A. Urinary retention
B. Gastrointestinal
C. Hyperglycemia
D. CNS-related
B. Gastrointestinal
Beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are associated with the pathophysiology of which of the following conditions?
A. Parkinson’s disease
B. Migraine headaches
C. Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder
D. Alzheimer’s disease
D. Alzheimer’s disease
The excitotoxicity-induced neuronal damage associated with Alzheimer’ disease can be reduced by administration of:
A. An anticholinergic agent
B. An NMDA receptor antagonist
C. A cholinesterase inhibitor
D. A benzodiazepine
B. An NMDA receptor antagonist
Alzheimer’s disease may be accompanied by:
A. Sleep disturbances
B. Wandering
C. Agitation
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
