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food processing 1040 > freezing > Flashcards

freezing Flashcards

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1
Q

what is freezing?

A

the product temperature is decreased to below the point of ice crystallisation

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2
Q

what is molality?

A

number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent

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3
Q

in dilute solutions what is the freezing point proportional to?

A

the molality

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4
Q

what is the plank equation? (words)

A

the time required to reduce the initial product temperature to a predetermined final temperature at the thermal center

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5
Q

is air blast freezing direct or indirect contact?

A

direct

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6
Q

what is air blast freezing?

A

High velocity air is used to increase the heat transfer coefficient.

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7
Q

Is plate freezing direct or indirect contact?

A

indirect

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8
Q

what is plate freezing?

A

a refrigerant at -40C is passed through hollow plates

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9
Q

what is the first step in freezing?

A

precool to the freezing point

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10
Q

what is the second step of freezing?

A

supercool

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11
Q

what is supercooling?

A

where substances remain liquid below its freezing point

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12
Q

what is nucleation?

A

initiation of freezing involving nuclei that act as a seed for ice crystal growth

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13
Q

what is freezing point depression?

A

the difference in temperature between the freezing point of a solution and the freezing point of the pure solvent

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14
Q

what is homogenous nucleation?

A

does not require other surfaces to nucleate (water at -42C)

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15
Q

what is heterogeneous nucleation?

A

formation of nucleus around suspended particles

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16
Q

what is biots number?

A

a non dimensional number that is the ratio of convection to conduction

17
Q

biots number equation

A

N=hL/k

18
Q

what is cryogenic freezing?

A

food touches the low temperature refrigerant- rapid

19
Q

is cryogenic freezing direct or indirect?

A

direct

20
Q

what is isomass recrystallisation?

A

a change in the surface shape or internal shape of the ice crystal that changes the SA:V

21
Q

what is accretive recrystallisation?

A

2 adjacent ice crystals join together to form 1 large one.

22
Q

what is migratory recrystallisation?

A

growths of larger crystals at the expense of smaller crystals

food processing 1040 (4 decks)

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