Freet At Last Section C Flashcards
Civil rights movement
1954-Brown vs board of education 1955-Emmett Till case 1955-Montgomery bus boycott 1957-Little rock 1960-Sit-ins 1961-Freedom rides 1963-Project C-Birmingham 1963-March on Washington 1964-Civil Rights Act passed by president Johnson 1965-Selma 1965-VRA passed
Brown vs board of education
Oliver brown challenged the board of education, as his daughter Linda brown had to walk 20 blocks to go to a black school when there was a white school 5 blocks away.
NAACP helped the case go to court
By may 17th segregation in schools was illegal.
But by 1965 not one black child attended school regularly
Emmett till case
A 14 year old called emmett till was dared to go into the shop and talk to the shop keeper.
She said he wolf whistled at her.
Two men, one being the shop keepers husband found emmett and brutally murdered him.
He was found days later in the tallihanchi river, he was found with an eye gauged out and his head crushed in with a bullet, he was barely recognisable.
Due to a biased jury the men weren’t committed of the crime.
Emmitt mum put his body on display for others to see. People were so shocked by how brutally murdered he was.
This gained publicity
Little Rock
ARKANSAS
9 grade A black students were alllowed to go to central high school. One day before they were supposed to go they got a phone call saying not to go as it’s dangerous. One student, Elizabeth eckford didn’t get the call and went to the school.
When she entered she was met with an angry white mob who shouted at her and spat at her.
President Eisenhower got armed soldiers to go in and protect them to and from school
Montgomery bus boycott
Blacks usually had to sit at the back of buses or move for white people. Ross parks refused to move and was arrested, blacks found this unfair and for a year 40,000 refused to use buses. Blacks showed economic power as the buses would of gone out of business.
At the end of the boycott segregation in buses was illegal
Sit-ins
SNCC target lunch counters. 4 black students say at the lunch counters and refused to move.
The day after there was 25 supporters
4 days later 300 supporters
End of 1960, 700,000 supporters.
In 1969 supreme courts banned in lunchcounters and public areas.
Blacks would get hot coffee poured over them
Freedom rides
Wanted to test if segregation ended, blacks would use white facilities and whites would use blacks.
They both went on the same buses. When they reached the south people would slash the bus tyres or fire bomb them.
In Anniston kkk waited and burned the busses. If the passengers got off the buses they’d be beaten. It showed segregation never ended and got televised
Late 1961 segregation in airports, rail stations and bus stations ended
Project C.
Birmingham Alabama
Project C =confrontation tried to provoke eugine Connor.
2nd may- 1000 children marched through Birmingham. Connor ordered them to be arrested.
3rd may- re marched and attacked by firehoses and police dogs. Batons and electric cattle prods.
All televised
March on Washington
200,000 protestors marched on Washington. Martin Luther King organised it
Civil Rights Movement
The act was passed by president Johnson. Successes of act. •Federal justice department could prosecute any state you that discrimination blacks. •Ended segregated Fails of act •Didn’t stop the kkk to intimidate them •Didn’t allow blacks to vote freely
Selma
15,000 blacks had the right to vote but only 335 were registered.
BLOODY SUNDAY
7th of March 600 marchers marched from Selma to montomgery. They were met with 200 state troopers, police who had tear gas,whips and sticks. Marchers were ordered to turn back, 17 marchers hospitalised.
On the 21st of March, king got legal permission to march and was protected
Voting Rights Act
The act was passed by president Johnson.
3 years after the act being passed all blacks in the south were registered, and many blacks had the opportunity to become a politician.
IMPORTANCE OR MLK
Showed that peaceful protest worked.
Inspired people with his “I have a dream” speech.
Created national and international publicity
