Free response questions Flashcards
Voluntary control of movement of synergies, although a full range of synergy components does not necessarily develop; spasiticity increases and may become severe is what Brunstrom Stage?
3
More difficult movement combinations are learned as the basic limb synergies lose their dominance over motor acts is what brunstrom Stagne?
5
Some movment combinations that do not follow the pats of either synergy are mastered, first with difficulty then with more ease, and spasticity begins to decline is what brunstrom stage?
4
According to a discussion on the limbic system’s influence on behavior and its relevance to the therapeutic environment in Umphred, this important area of the brain literally ‘MOVEs’ us:
Memory and motivation: drive; attention and retrieval; desire to learn, try, or benefit from the environment
Olfaction (especially in infants): only sensory system that does not go through the thalamus as its second-order synapse in the sensory pathway before it gets to the cerebral cortex
Visceral (drives thirst, hunger and temperature regulation and endocrine functions): sympathetic and parasympathetic reactions; peripheral autonomic nervous system responses that reflect limbic function
Emotion feelings and attitude; self-concept and worth; emotional body image; tonal responses of motor system; social skills, opinions
The basic limb synergies or some of their components may appear as associated reactions, or minimal voluntary movement responses may be present; spasticity begins to develop is what brunstrom stage?
2
Individual joint movements become possible and coordination approaches normal with the disappearance of spasticity is what brunstrom stage?
6
Right Brain/Left Brain CVA?
- Poor judgment, unrealistic behavior, denial of disability, rigidity of though
- Spatial relationship, hand-eye coordination, and position in space deficits
- Low frustration level, compulsive behavior
- Difficulty initiating tasks
- Irritability and confusion, short attention span, appearance of lethargy
- Manual and verbal perseverations
- Sequencing and directionality deficits
- Affect lability, feelings of persecution
- RIght
- Right
- Left
- Left
- Right
- left
- left
- Right
- Anterior Cerebral Artery Occlusion:
1.areas affected include the frontal lobe. This artery is not commonly occluded. Contralateral weakness and sensory loss, the lower extremities are more affected more than the face and UE. Can also include aphasia, incontinence and with patients with severe infarcts, significant memory and behavioral deficits.
- Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion:
- most commonly affected artery. Affects posterior, frontal, temporal and parietal lobes. Contralateral sensory loss and weakness in the face and UE, less involvement in LE. Infarction of dominant hemisphere can lead to global aphasia. homonymous and hemianopia. Patient may also experience a loss of conjugate eye gaze, which is the movement of the eyes in parallel.
- Vertebrobasilar Artery Occlusion:
- this occlusion is often fatal. Patient may present with cranial nerve involvement, diplopia (double vision), dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), dysarthria (difficulty in forming words secondary to weakness in the tongue and muscles of the face), deafness, vertigo, ataxia(uncoordinated movement. Additionally, the patient may experience locked-in syndrome- alert and oriented but unable to move or speak because of weakness in all muscle groups. Eve movements are the only type of active movement possible and become the patient’s primary means of communication.
4.. Posterior Artery Occlusion:
4.With thalamic involvement patient can present with contralateral sensory loss and pain. They can also present with memory deficits; contralateral homonymous hemianopia; visual agnosia (inability to recognize familiar objects or individuals; and cortical blindness (inability to process incoming visual information even though the optic nerve remains intact.)
5.. Lacunar Infarcts:
5.Common in patients with diabetes and hypertension. Lacunar Infracts tend to occur in deep regions of brain. Patient presents with contralateral weakness and sensory loss, ataxia, and dysarthria.
- Thalamic Pain Syndrome:
6.intolerable burning pain and sensory preservation, sensation of the stimulus remains long after the stimulus is removed. Sensation is noxious and exaggerated
- Pusher Syndrome:
7.patients who actively push and lean toward their hemiplegic side. Efforts to correct passively correct the patient’s posture are met with resistance.
Clinical Presentation of pusher syndrome include cervical rotation and lateral flexion to the right, absent or significantly impaired tactile and kinesthetic awareness, visual deficits, truncal asymmetries, increase Weight bearing on left during sitting activities, with resistance encountered when attempts are made to achieve an equal weight bearing position, difficulties with transfers as patient pushes backward and away with the right (uninvolved) extremities.
- Parietal lobe:
8.a CVA within the parietal lobe can cause inattention or neglect which is manifested as a disregard for the involved side of the body, impaired perception of vertical, visual, spatial and topographic relationships, and perseveration.
