Free At Last NV Flashcards
Explain why the Brown V Topeka Board of Education 1954 was important?
✔Supreme Court ruled that segregation made children feel inferior
✔Schools were to be desegregated
Explain why Little Rock, Arkansas 1957 was important?
✔Federal Government willing to intervene to ensure black children received an education, they sent soldiers to escort the children to school
✔Publicity
Explain why Mississippi Law School 1962 was important?
✔Federal government intervened, they escorted James Meredith onto campus
✔JFK sent troops to keep Meredith safe
Explain why Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott 1955 was important?
✔Publicity
✔Buses ordered to desegregate
✔Proved Blacks had economical power
Explain why the Sit-Ins 1960 was important?
✔Publicity and sympathy for the campaign
✔Several lunch counters desegregated
✔Events spread
✔Formation of SNCC
Explain why the Freedom Rides 1961 was important?
✔Federal government willing to intervene to uphold the law and end segregation in transport
✔Ordered the end of segregation
✔Publicity
✔JFK sent FBI to investigate the violence against the students and US law officers to protect them from attack
Explain why the Birmingham Alabama March 1963 was important?
✔Publicity, images shocked nation and embarrassed the government
✔Restrooms, lunch counters, fitting rooms and drinking fountains were to be desegregated within 90 days
✔JFK made plans to introduce a new Civil Rights act
Explain why the March on Washington 1963 was important?
✔Publicity
✔Kept up pressure for change which led to President Lyndon B Johnson introducing the Civil Rights Act 1964
Explain why the Selma Alabama March 1965 was important?
✔Publicity
✔1965 Voting Rights Act passed, ended literacy tests and poll tax qualifications that had prevented blacks from voting
Describe the events of the Brown v Topeka Board of Education 1954.
- Black father Oliver Brown decided to challenge the segregation of education
- Linda Brown had to attend a black school 20 blocks away when there was adequate white schools nearby
- The case went to the Supreme Court in Washington which ruled in his favour
- Schools were to be desegregated although no time frame had been put in place so many southern states ignored this law
Describe the events of Little Rock Arkansas 1957.
- 9 black students attempted to attend Central High School
- Governor of Arkansas Orval Faubus sent state troops to stop them
- Federal court ordered the state troops to withdraw and President Eisenhower sent in 1000 soldiers of the US army to escort the children safely to school
- A white mob gatheed to threatent and insult the children as they tried to enter the school
- Elizabeth Eckford was the first student to attempt to enter the school
Describe the events of Mississippi Law School 1962.
- James MEredith was banned from attending the University of Mississippi Law School
- The federal government stepped in and decided that they would do whatever was required to allow him to attend
- He was escorted onto campus by 316 US border patrolmen and 97 federal prison guards
- A mob of 200 white people gathered and ensuing violence killed 2 journalists
- JFK sent 16,000 troops to protect Meredith, they remained there for over a year
Describe the events of Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott 1955
- Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat for a white person and was arrested
- 50 black leaders met up and agreed to boycott the city’s buses
- Blacks made up 60-70% of bus passenegrs
- The boycott lasted 381 days
- Buses desegregated
Describe the events of the Sit-Ins 1960.
•In Greensboro, North Carolina 4 black students decided to order food at white only counters in Woolworths
The students were asked to move but refused
•Next day they returned with 80 more protesters both black and white
•The students sat there all day despite insults and attacks from locals
•The idea spread quickly and by the end of 1960 70,000 protesters had taken part in sit-ins
Describe the events of the Freedom Rides 1961.
- 1960 Supreme Court banned segregation in public areas
- CORE decided to see if such changes had been made
- Black and white ‘freedom riders’ planned to travel on buses from Washington to New Orleans using white only restrooms along the way
- They were met with heavy resistance from southern whites
- 1960 Supreme Court banned segregation in public areas
- CORE decided to see if such changes had been made
- Black and white ‘freedom riders’ planned to travel on buses from Washington to New Orleans using white only restrooms along the way
- They were met with heavy resistance from southern whites, they were attacked and beaten with sticks and chains. 2 buses were firebombed
