Freda Adler (1975) Sisters In Crime

Question 1

Writing in 70s = women’s liberation and equal opportunities

Answer 1

Legislation

Question 2

Women’s lib has resulted in both objective and subjective changes in the circumstances of women, such as:

Answer 2

Women more freedom to work

Question 3

However this freedom has led to increased perception of female offending, e.g. freedom to work so can now…

Answer 3

Embezzle
Commit fraud
White collar crimes

Question 4

Attitudinal changes, idea of women becoming more like…

Answer 4

Men

Question 5

Attitudinal changes: women have to adopt masculine attitudes and practices in the workplace and have the same aspirations as men as they now have the…

Answer 5

Same opportunities to carry them out

Question 6

Adler predicted that female offending would increase and become more serious (property/violent crimes) over time known as …

Answer 6

Convergence

Question 7

“Women are no longer indentured to the kitchen…in the same way that women are demanding equal opportunities in legitimate fields, so a number are determined to force their way into the world of…

Answer 7

Major crimes” (1975:67)

Question 8

Women’s movement = changes to/in…

Answer 8

Women’s crime

Question 9

Adler provided a sociological explanation at last, but… (5)

Answer 9

Assumes a male norm - female offenders are social males

Ignored influence of class/ethnicity

Empirically dubious - female offending rates rising before women’s lib

Employment does not increase crime but POVERTY DOES

Ignores other social factors/changes- increasing lone parenthood, economic instability