France - Burgundy Flashcards
Name the five regions in Burgundy
Chablis
Côte d’Or
Cote Chalonnaise
Maconnais
Beaujolais
What is the climate in Burgundy?
Continental
What is the topography of Burgundy?
Rolling hills, Côte d’Or slopes (best vineyards on slopes)
What are the soil types in Burgundy?
Burgundy (chalk, calcareous clay, marl, limestone)
What are the main grape varieties in Burgundy?
Chardonnay, Agliote, Pinot noir, Gamay
What is the AOP Pyramid in Burgundy?
Regional Appellations - 56%
Village Wines - 30%
Premier Crus - 12% (550 - 600 premier crus)
Grand Crus - 2% (33 grand crus)
What is a domaine?
Grower/producers that own the vineyards which they are producing wine from. Growing grapes to aging to bottling is all done at the domaine.
What is a negociant?
A wine merchant who buys grapes and or finished wines for blending and bottling under their own label
What is a clos?
A plot of land surrounded by a stone wall. Ex: clos vougeot
What is a monopole?
A parcel of vineyard land with single ownership. Not very common. Most vineyards have multiple owners.
Describe the location of Chablis.
80 miles north of the Côte d’Or and closer to Champagne than the rest of Burgundy
What is the climate of Chablis?
Cool continental
What is the soil in Chablis?
Kimmeridgian clay and limestone
What is the viticultural risks in Chablis?
Picking time is critical because of early frost
What is the vinification like in Chablis?
No oak is used with the lower tier wines. Malolactic fermentation
What is the appellation hierarchy in Chablis?
- Village Chablis AOP
- Petit Chablis AOP
- Chablis Premier Cru AOP: 40 vineyards
- Chablis Grand Cru AOP: 7 vineyards. Most have SW exposure to maximize sunlight. EX: Le Clos
How big is Côte d’Or?
30 miles N to S. Dijon to Santenay
What is the topography, climate, main grape, soil type, viticultural worries, and vinification of Côte d’Nuits?
Topography: Hillside and ridges. The top vineyards are in the middle of the hillside.
Climate: cool continental
Main grape: Pinot noir
Soil type: marl, limestone
Viticulture: threat of frost, hail, and excessive rain in the fall
Vinification: French oak (often new), whole cluster or de-stem
What is the appellation hierarchy in Côte d’Nuits?
Gevrey-Chambertin AOP
Morey-Saint-Denis AOP
Chambolle-Musigny AOP
Vougeot AOP
Vosne-Romanee AOP
Nuits-St-Georges AOP
Bourgogne AOP: Pinot Nor or Chardonnay from anywhere in the region
Bourgogne Côte d’Or AOP: Sub-appellation for wine from the Côte d’Or
Côte d’Nuits AOP: 5 areas, red wine only
Village AOP: 100% grapes grown in or around a village. 9 villages total (above)
Premier of 1er Cru AOP: 100% grapes grown in a premier cru vineyard. If the bottle has no vineyard name, they were grown in many premier cru vineyards. 130 premier cru vineyards in Côte d’Nuits
Grand Cru AOP: 100% of grapes grown on Grand Cru site. 24 of 33 grand cru in burgundy
What is an example of grand crus in Côte d’Nuits?
Chambertin
Bones-mares
Musings
La tache
La romanee
What are the top vintages for Côte d’Nuits?
2005, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015
What is the climate, soil, main grapes, vinification methods in Côte d’Beaune?
Climate: continental with many microclimates
Soil: marl, limestone
Grape: Chardonnay, pinot noir
Vinification: oak, normally new
What are the 6 major AOP’s in Côte d’Beaune?
Beaune
Pommard
Volnay
Meursault
Puligny-Montrachet
Chassagne-Montrachet
What is the appellation hierarchy in Côte d’Beaune?
Bourgogne AOP
Village AOP
Premier Cru: 100s of premier cru vineyards in Côte d’Beaune
Grand Cru: 8 in Côte d’Beaune (corton, corton-Charlemagne, Montrachet, batard-Montrachet
What are the top vintages in Côte d’Beaune?
2005, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015
Describe the location, climate, soil, grapes, vinification in Côte Chalonnaise.
Location: south of Côte d’Or, no hillside to protect from E wind
Climate: continental
Soil: limestone
Grape: Chardonnay, Aligote, Pinot noir
Vinification: little to no oak
Name the 5 AOPs in Côte Chalonnaise.
Montagny AOP: Chardonnay only
Bouzeron AOP: Agliote only
Rully AOP: Chardonnay, Pinot noir, cremant de Bourgogne
Givry AOP: Chardonnay, Pinot noir
Mercurey AOP: Chardonnay, Pinot noir
Describe the climate, topography, grapes, and vinification in Maconnais.
Climate: continental, slightly warmer and drier than the north
Topography: large area with low-lying hills and flat farm land
Grapes: Chardonnay, Pinot noir, gamay
Vinification: mainly white, little new oak outside of Pouilly Fuisse
Name the Appellation Hierarchy for Maconnais.
Maconnais AOP: Chardonnay
Saint-Verna AOP: Chardonnay (some new oak)
Pouilly-Fuisse AOP: Chardonnay ( some new oak)
Describe the climate, soil, grapes, location, viticulture, and vinification of Beaujolais.
Location: south and overlapping with Maconnais. 35 miles long.
Climate: continental ( warmer than the rest of Burgundy)
Soil: schist and granite (north) sandstone and clay (south)
Grapes: Chardonnay and gamay
Viticulture: hillside, low yield in north, flat plains in the south
Vinification: carbonic maceration, stainless steel, used/french oak
Name the appellation hierarchy for Beaujolais
Beaujolais AOP: grapes anywhere in the region
Beaujolais Nouveau: easy drinking red is released the third Thursday in November following harvest. Should be drank soon after release
Beaujolais Villages AOP: 38 villages, village names not on label - just villages
Beaujolais Cru - best wine in the region. 10 villages in AOP. Red wine only (gamay), hillside vineyards granite soil. Morgon AOP.
