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Introductory Sommelier Course - Court of Master Sommeliers > France - Bordeaux > Flashcards

France - Bordeaux Flashcards

1
Q

When did the wine production date back in Bordeaux?

A

4th century AD

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2
Q

Where is Bordeaux located?

A

Southwest of France, inland from the Atlantic Ocean

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3
Q

What is Bordeaux climate?

A

Maritime
Climate is moderated by its waterways and its proximity to the Atlantic coast
Can suffer from rain and frost

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4
Q

What are the two rivers meeting in the city of Bordeaux?

A

Garonne and Dordogne

they form the Gironde Estuary which flows in the Atlantic

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5
Q

What are the three sections of Bordeaux?

A

Left Bank
Right Bank
Entre-Deux-Mers

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6
Q

What are the 4 soils in Bordeaux?

A

Gravel
Limestone
Sand
Iron pan under sand and clay

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7
Q

What is the soil in the Medoc and Graves on the Left Bank?

A

Gravel

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8
Q

What is the soil in Saint-Emilion and on the Right Bank?

A

Gravel
Limestone
Sand

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9
Q

What is the soil in Pomerol on the Right Bank?

A

Iron pan under sand and clay

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10
Q

What are the grape varieties in Bordeaux?

A

White: Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon,
small quantities: Muscadelle
Red: Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc
small quantities of Petit Verdot, Malbec and Carmenere (both allowed but rarely seen today)

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11
Q

What is the vinification specification from Bordeaux?

A

Usually blends of two or more of the grape varieties i

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12
Q

What is a typical blend in the Medoc (Left Bank, Bordeaux)?

A

70% Cabernet Sauvignon
30% Merlot
Plus Cabernet Franc and Petit Verdot

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13
Q

What is a typical blend in Saint-Emilion and Pomerol (Right Bank, Bordeaux)?

A

70% Merlot

30% Cabernet Franc

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14
Q

What is a typical blend in Graves (Pessac-Leognan, Left Bank and Entre-Deux-Mers, Bordeaux)?

A

80% Sauvignon blanc

20% Semillon

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15
Q

What is a typical blend in Sauternes and nearby communes?

A

80% Semillion
20% Sauvignon blanc
small percentage of Muscadelle

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16
Q

What are Bordeaux appellation classification?

A

Regional Appellation
Sug-Regional Appellation
Regional Appellation

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17
Q

What is a Bordeaux Chateau?

A

An estate under a single ownership

The size and ownership can change overtime

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18
Q

What is noteworthy about the soil in The Medoc?

A

it was a salt marsh and pine forest until mid-17 when Dutch drained the marches discovering beds of gravel.

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19
Q

Where is The Medoc located?

A

North of the city of Bordeaux along the Gironde Estuary

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20
Q

What is the soil in The Medoc?

A

Gravel

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21
Q

What is the grape variety in The Medoc?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

22
Q

What are The Medoc AOPs SubRegions?

A

Medoc AOP

Haut-Médoc AOP

23
Q

What are the Communes AOP in The Medoc?

A

Saint-Esphene AOP
Pauillac AOP
Saint-Julien AOP
Margaux AOP

24
Q

What is the 1855 classification?

A

Commission requested by Napoleon to rank Bordeaux’s top Chateaux for the Universal Exposition in Paris. 61 properties were ranked

25
Q

What are the First Growth Chateau of the 1855 of Bordeaux?

A 
Chateau Lafite-Rothschild
Chateau Latour
Chateau Mouton-Rothschild
Chateau Margaux
Chateau Haut-Brion (Graves)
26
Q

What are the top recent vintages of the Medoc?

A

2005
2009
2010
2015

27
Q

Where is Graves AOP located?

A

South of the Medoc

Directly south and around the city of Bordeaux

28
Q

What is the sol in Graves?

29
Q

What are the grape varieties in Graves?

A

Sauvignon blanc
Semillon
Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc

30
Q

Where is the sub-region Pessac-Leognan AOP located?

A

Northernmost part of Graves, including the most highly regarded chateaux

31
Q

Where is the sub-region Sauternes AOP located?

A

Southernmost portion of Graves, borderded by the Garonne and Ciron Rivers

32
Q

What is the vinification in sub-region Passaic Leognan AOP?

A

Dry white and red wines

new French Oak

33
Q

What is the vinification in Sauternes?

A

Botrytis-affected sweet wine

Oak aged, often in new French barrique

34
Q

What is Botrytis?

A

a fungus concentrating the sugar in the grapes

35
Q

Where is the sub-region Entre-Deux-Mers AOP located?

A

a large area between the Garonne and Dordogne rivers

36
Q

What is the soil in Entre-Deux-Mers?

A

silt (very fertile)

37
Q

What are the grape varieties in Entre-Deux-Mers?

A

Sauvignon blanc
Semillon
Muscadelle

38
Q

What is the vinification in Entre-Deux-Mers?

A

Dry white wine only
Little to no oak
Stainless steel
Red sines made in this area fall under the Bordeaux AOP appellation

39
Q

Where is Saint-Emilion located?

A

Along the Dordogne River near the town of Libourne

40
Q

What is the soil in Saint-Emilion

A 
Silk
Clay
Gravel
Limestone plateau
Sand
41
Q

What are the grape varieties in Saint-Emilion?

A

Merlot
Cabernet Franc
(red wine only)

42
Q

What are the appellations in Saint-Emillion?

A

Saint-Emilion AOP

Saint-Emilion Grand Cru AOP

43
Q

When was the Saint-Emilion classification system instituted?

A

1955 - with a goal revision every 10 year

most recent revision being in 2012

44
Q

What is Saint-Emilion classification of 2012?

A

Premiers Grands Crus Classe A - 4 Chateaux
Premiers Grands Crus Classe B - 14 Chateaux
Grands Crus classe - 64 Chateaux

45
Q

What are the 4 named chateaux Premiers Grands Crus classe A in Saint-Emilion?

A

Chateau Ausone
Chateau Angelus
Chateau Pavie
Chateau Cheval-Blanc

46
Q

Where is Pomerol located?

A

Along the Dordogne River northwest of Saint-Emilion

47
Q

How big is Pomerol?

A

only 3 square miles

48
Q

What is the soil in Pomerol?

A

Sand
Clay
Gravel
Subsoil of iron pan and rich clay

49
Q

Grape varieties in Pomerol?

A

Merlot

Cabernet Franc

50
Q

What is considered the most important grave variety in the Medoc?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

51
Q

Why were the wines of Bordeaux better known internationally than most French wine?

A

Mid1600s the Dutch expended their trade market and dried the marshes and started shipping the vines grown on these soils worldwide

Introductory Sommelier Course - Court of Master Sommeliers (5 decks)

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