Fran Chem Panel And Labs

Question 1

Major extracellular ions

Answer 1

Sodium and chloride

Question 2

Major intracellular ion

Answer 2

K

Question 3

Important regulator of ECF volume

Answer 3

Sodium

Question 4

Normal serum range of sodium

Answer 4

135-145 mEq/L

Question 5

Control cells resting potential especially heart

Answer 5

K

Question 6

Normal serum ranger potassium

Answer 6

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Question 7

Chloride normal serum range

Answer 7

95-112 mEq/L

Question 8

Carbon dioxide normal adult range

Answer 8

22-32 mEq/L

Question 9

How long do you measure glucose for hemoglobin A1 C

Answer 9

Prior 6 to 8 weeks

Question 10

What is a more specific and sensitive indicator of impaired kidney function them bun

Answer 10

Creatinine

Question 11

Reference range of creatinine

Answer 11

0.8-1.2 mg/dl

Question 12

What can play in a central role of the neuromuscular and cardiac excitability

Answer 12

Ionized Ca+2 (only ionized)

Question 13

Explain albumin levels and calcium relationship

Answer 13

Calcium level depending on albumin level so more accurate to measure ionized calcium which is unaffected by Albumin

Question 14

Magnesium deficiency contributes to what

Answer 14

Cardiac arrhythmia that occurs with hypokalemia

Question 15

Syphilis screening and confirmatory test

Answer 15

VDRL is basic screening test and RPR (non-treponemal tests)

Treponemal test (FTA) is confirmatory

Question 16

HIV screening and confirm

Answer 16

Antibody Eliza is screening and western blot confirms (because multiple HIV antigens produce specific antibodies)

Question 17

Lyme disease screening and confirming

Answer 17

Eliza first then western blot

Question 18

Infectious mononucleosis screening and confirming test

Answer 18

Heterophil agglutination test (Monospot) (lags 4 weeks)

Very specific: igM and IgG titers

Question 19

Infection associated with cold agglutinins

Answer 19

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 20

General approach to identifying bacterial infections in lab

Answer 20

Bacteriologic (types and sites), immunologic (serologic), DNA and RNA sequencing

Question 21

Usefulness of Gram stain in the treatment of bacterial infections

Answer 21

You don’t have to wait for culture to grow just see increased white blood cells and the color of the stain
Great for cerebrospinal fluid and synovial fluid

Question 22

Definition of intermediate

Answer 22

Organism may be treated using higher doses than standard

Question 23

Where are the acid-fast organisms

Answer 23

Mycobacteria: mycobacterium tuberculosis mycobacterium leprae

Question 24

What do you use a KOH prep for

Answer 24

Help break off fungus on nails, help break down fungus

Question 25

How many samples to get for O&P

Answer 25

Never just one! At least three on three different specimen