Fragment Analysis SNPs & STRs

Question 1

What do polymorphism result in

Answer 1

Modified gene functions or gene regulation

• single base or thousands
• May or may not have phenotypic effects

Question 2

Define homozygous

Answer 2

Alleles are identical on each chromosome

Question 3

Define Heterozygous

Answer 3

Alleles differ on each chromosome

Question 4

true or false; polymorphisms can be used as gene markers

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Types of polymorphic sequences

Answer 5

RFLP: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
VNTR: Variable Number Tandem Repeats
STR: Short Tandem Repeats
SNP: Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms

Question 6

3 steps of DNA extraction

Answer 6

Cell lysis
Remove with proteins
DNA purification

Question 7

Describe the cell lysis stage of DNA EXTRACTION

Answer 7

Breaking membrane with lysis buffer to release DNA

Question 8

Describe the removal proteins process in DNA sequencing

Answer 8

With enzyme or precipitate ammonium acetate and centrifugation
- membrane of column had negative charge that’ll attract DNA allowing unwanted components like proteins to flow through

Question 9

Describe the DNA purification step in DNA extraction

Answer 9

Wash supernatant off with isopropanol or ethanol

- Elutes DNA, alters charge of DNA, releasing it into water and extract using a buffer