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Fractures > Fractures > Flashcards

Fractures Flashcards

1
Q

3 Influencing factors of bone remodeling

A

1) Closer to skeletal maturity, bone remodel potential decreases
2) Closer fx is to growth plate, the better the remodel
3) Better remodel when the fx angulation occurs in plane of ROM of nearest jt

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2
Q

4 “…physis” regions of bone

A

1) Metaphysis - what growth plate rests on
2) Epiphysis - joint
3) Apophysis - tendon attachment in bone
4) Diaphysis - cortical bone (shaft)

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3
Q

Case: Treating a 9 year old boy who twisted ankle at a trampoline park. You have been working with the kid to rehab an ACL sprain on opposite leg. Kid can’t bear full weight on twisted ankle and it is swollen. What should you do:

1) Begin treating for ankle sprain
2) Refer to ortho MD for x-ray
3) Apply lace-up ASO brace

A

2) Refer to ortho MD for x-ray

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4
Q

2 Types of Abuse fx

A

Corner fx and bucket handle fx

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5
Q

What part of a spine can be fx in shaken baby syndrome

A

Cervical

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6
Q

Multiple fx at what bone if highly predictive of abuse

A

Ribs

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7
Q

Signs of chronic compartment syndrome (4)

A

1) Tensely swollen
2) Pain with passive stretch
3) Decreased sensation
4) Decreased motor function

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8
Q

Signs of acute compartment syndrome (6 “P”s)

A

1) Pain out of proportion
2) Pain with passive stretch
3) Pulselessness
4) Parasthesia
5) Paralysis
6) Pallor

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9
Q

Neuro disorders that cause pathologic fx (3)

A

1) CP
2) SCI
3) Myelomeningocele

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10
Q

Ortho disorders that cause pathologic fx (3)

A

1) DMD
2) OI
3) JIA

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11
Q

Cancers that cause pathologic fx (x)

A

1) Osteocarcoma

2) Acute leukemia

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12
Q

Case: 13 year old female who is a year long track and cross country runner. You have been treating her for back pain which has been reducing consistently and was back to full daily function. She presents to clinic with new onset bilateral shin pain. She reports no other symptoms or incident causing new pain. She recently increased running duration from 1 to 4 miles a day. What type of fx is she at risk for?

A

Tibial stress fx

Pre-disposing fx

1) Year round activity
2) Repetitive loading (runner most common)
3) Sudden change in intensity/frequency/duration
4) Tibia most common location

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13
Q

5 Salter Harris fx patterns

A

1) Growth plate only (through)
2) GP and metaphysis
3) GP and epiphysis
4) GP, metaphysis, and epiphysis
5) Crush to GP

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14
Q

Most common SH fx

A

Type 2

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15
Q

What nerve(s) can be damaged with clavicle fx?

A

Brachial Plexus (palsy)

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16
Q

Clavicle fx occur most commonly in first/middle/last third of bone

A

Middle

17
Q

What nerve is at risk with humeral shaft fx?

A

Radial

18
Q

Why is it difficulty to diagnosis SH fx at birth?

A

Epiphysis not yet ossified until 3-6 months

19
Q

What end of humerus does 80% growth stem from

A

Proximal

20
Q

Clincal red flag when screening for elbow fx (2)

A

1) Swelling

2) Decreased ROM

21
Q

In wrist and forearm fx, what can be secondary complication?

A

Dislocation of proximal/distal jt

22
Q

Fx of navicular bone can cause tenderness at what landmark?

A

Snuffbox

23
Q

Name and differential dx of spine apophyseal fx

A

Name: Limbus fx

Diff dx: Herniated nucleus pulposus

24
Q

Common cast used w femur fx in young kids

A

Spica

25
Q

Spica cast used in what age ranges

A

Infant-11yoa

26
Q

What do you need to monitor for in kids with spica cast

A

Compartment syndrome

27
Q

Where does Jones fx take place and what type of fx is it?

A

Base of 5th met

Transverse fx

28
Q

2 types of ankle fx involving closing growth plate

A

1) Triplane

2) Tillaux

29
Q

Is child casted above/below knee in 1) proximal tibia and 2) distal tibia fx

A

1) Above knee

2) Below knee

30
Q

What forceful ankle movement can fx talus?

A

DF

31
Q

What artery can be damaged in proximal tibia epiphysis fx?

A

Popliteal

32
Q

5 Ottowa Ankle Rules

A

1) Can’t bear weight less than 4 steps
2) TTP at posterior medial mall
3) TTP at posterior lateral mall
4) TTP navicular
5) TTP base of 5th met

Fractures (1 decks)

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