Fractures

Question 1

Baseball (Mallet) Finger

Answer 1

Hyperflexion of the DIP, often associated with a dorsal avulsion of the bsae of the distal phalanx

Question 2

Barton’s

Answer 2

Distal end of the raidus fracture into the wrist joint; unstable oblique intra-articular fracture of the dorsal or ventral surface of the distal radius

Question 3

Bennet’s

Answer 3

Base of the 1st MC fracture, running into the CMC complicated by subluxation

Question 4

Bennet “Reverse”

Answer 4

Intra-articular fracture subluxation of the base of the 5th or 4th MC

Question 5

Boutonniere deformity

Answer 5

hyperflexion of the PIP due to disruption of the central slip of the extensor tendon

Question 6

Boxer’s fracture

Answer 6

Neck of the 5th MC with dorsal angulation, and often volar displacemnt of the MC head

Question 7

Chauffer, backfire, Lorry driver, or Hutchinson fracture

Answer 7

Intra-articular oblique fracture of the distal radial styloid

Question 8

Chaput

Answer 8

Distal tibia anterior tubercle fracture where ATFL attaches

Question 9

Colles’

Answer 9

Distal radius fracture with dorsal displacement of the wrist and hand
Associated ulnar styloid avulsion

Question 10

Cotton’s

Answer 10

Tri-malleolar fracture

Combination fracture of medial, lateral, and posterior malleolus (posterior lip of the tibia)

Question 11

DeQuervain

Answer 11

Avulsion with volar dislocation of the scapholunate joint

Question 12

Dupuytren’s

Answer 12

Distal fibula fracture with rupture of deltoid ligament, lateral subluxation of the talus, disruption of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis

Question 13

Galeazzi’s

Answer 13

Junction of middle and distal 1/3 radial fracture with distal radioulnar subluxation or dislocation

Question 14

Gamekeeper

Answer 14

Partial or total disruption of the UCL at the 1st MCP

May have avulsion on MC base

Question 15

Gosselin’s

Answer 15

V-shaped fracture of the distal tibia that extends into the joint.

Question 16

Greenstick

Answer 16

Incomplete fracture of a long bone with disruption on the tension side and plastic deformation on the compression side.
Usually seen in adolescent clavicles.

Question 17

Hill-Sachs

Answer 17

Posteriolateral defect of the humeral head/chronic anterior shoulder dislocations

Question 18

Reverse Hill-Sachs

Answer 18

Anterior defect of the humeral head due to posterior shoulder dislocation

Question 19

Jones

Answer 19

Proximal diaphyseal fracture of the 5th MT

Question 20

Lisfranc

Answer 20

Fracture-dislocation of the TMT joint

Question 21

Little leagures elbow

Answer 21

Valgus stress mechanism causing avulsion of the medial epicondyle

Question 22

Maisonneuve

Answer 22

Proximal fibula fracture with deltoid ligament rupture, lateral subluxation of the talus, and disruption of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis

Question 23

Monteggia’s

Answer 23

Proximal half ulnar shaft fracture with associated dislocation of radiohumeroulnar joint (often radial head)

Question 24

Nursemaid elbow

Answer 24

Radial head dislocation

Question 25

Plafond

Answer 25

Distal tibia articular fracture

Question 26

Rolando's

Answer 26

Comminuted Bennett's fracture

Question 27

Salter-Harris

Answer 27

Classification of epiphysial plate fractures

Question 28

Salter-Harris I

Answer 28

Transverse fracture throught the physis (gowth plate) | Slip

Question 29

Salter-Harris II

Answer 29

Through the physis and the metaphysis | Above/Away

Question 30

Salter-Harris III

Answer 30

Though the physis and the epiphysis | Lower

Question 31

Salter-Harris IV

Answer 31

Through the physis, metaphysis, and epiphysis | Through

Question 32

Salter-Harris V

Answer 32

Physis is crushed | Rammed

Question 33

Smith

Answer 33

Reverse Colle's - Distal raidus hyperflexion with anterior displacement and distal fragment anterior angulation

Question 34

Swan Neck Deformity

Answer 34

Hyperextension of PIP secondary to disruption of volar plate or contracture of intrinsic muscles

Question 35

Weber

Answer 35

Classification of ankle fractures

Question 36

Weber Category A

Answer 36

``` Lateral malleolus fracture distal to syndesmosis Tibiofibular ligament in tact Deltoid ligament in tact Medial malleolus often fractured Usually stable May require ORIF ```

Question 37

Weber Category B

Answer 37

Lateral malleolus fracture at the syndesmosis Tibiofibular ligament in tact or partially torn without widening of the distal tibiofibular articulation Medial malleolus may be fractured or deltoid ligament Variable stability

Question 38

Weber Category C

Answer 38

Lateral malleolus fracture proximal to syndesmosis Tibiofibular syndesmosis disrupted with widening of distal tibiofibular articulation Medial malleolus fracture or deltoid ligament injury Unstable - requires ORIF

Question 39

Blow-out

Answer 39

Orbital floor fracutre caused by a sudden increase in intraorbital pressure resulting from a traumatic force ie baseball

Question 40

Burst

Answer 40

Severe comminution of a vertebral body ususally secondary to axial loading with rotation. Frequently a sagittal fracture throught the body plus fractures in the posterior elements.

Question 41

Chopart

Answer 41

Fracture dislocation of the talo-navicular and calcaneo-cuboid joints. Chopart amputation

Question 42

Jefferson's

Answer 42

Burst (compression) fracture involving both anterior and posterior arches of the atlas

Question 43

March

Answer 43

Also called a fatigue fracture Fracture of a bone in the lower extremity, devloping after repeated stresses, as seen in soilders Stress fractures

Question 44

Pilon

Answer 44

Comminuted fracture of the tibial plafond involving the medial malleolus, lateral malleolus, anterior tibial lip, and the distal tibia proximal to the articular surface. Results from impact of the talus against the plafond Anteriorly displaced fracture of the anterior tibial lip, often maintained in asosciation with the talus.

Question 45

Segond's

Answer 45

Lateral tibial condyle avulsion at the lateral capsular ligament

Question 46

Turf toe

Answer 46

Hyper-extension of the 1st MTP