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4th yr- CCD2- Trauma Symposium > Fractures > Flashcards

Fractures Flashcards

1
Q

List the different classifications fro fractures

A
  1. Enamel
  2. Enamel- dentine
  3. Crown- root
  4. Root
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2
Q

After classifying position how dow e further classify fractures

A

Complicated vs Uncomplicated

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3
Q

What is a complicated fracture

A

Pulp involvement

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4
Q

What is an uncompleted fracture

A

No pulp involvement

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5
Q

How are enamel fractures described

A

Simple infraction

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6
Q

How do we treat an enamel infraction

A
  1. Leave it
  2. Desensitising agents
  3. Seal with unfurled resin
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7
Q

What are the treatment options fro uncomplicated fractures

A
  1. Composite crown
  2. Reattach fragment
  3. Composite build up
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8
Q

How prevalent is pulpal necrosis if a crown fracture isn’t treated

A

54%

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9
Q

How prevalent is pulpal necrosis if a crown fracture is treated with dentine coverage

A

8%

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10
Q

What consideration do we take before treating a complicated enamel dentine fracture

A
  1. Time since fracture occurred
  2. Degree of contamination
  3. Degree of damage
  4. Other injuries present
  5. Stage of root development
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11
Q

Is pulp necrosis more common in mature or immature teeth

A

Immature teeth

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12
Q

What is our aim when treating a complicated fracture

A

Aim is to maintain:

  1. Vitality
  2. Aesthetic
  3. Strength
  4. Root development
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13
Q

What are the treatment options for complicated fractures

A
  1. Pulp cap
  2. Pulpotomy
  3. Pulpectomy
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14
Q

When would we opt to carry out a pulp cap

A

Small recent exposure that has been kept clean

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15
Q

How successful is a pulp cap over 5 years

A

81-88%

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16
Q

How do we carry out a partial pulpotomy

A
  1. LA and isolation
  2. Removal 2mm pulpal tissue
  3. Haemostasis
  4. Apply non setting calcium hydroxide
  5. Apply hard setting linign
  6. Restore
17
Q

What is another term for partial pulpotomy

A

Cvek pulpotomy

18
Q

What I the success rate of partial pulpotomies

A

90-95%

19
Q

When would we opt to carry out a cervical pulpotomies

A
  1. Immature teeth

2. Necrotic/ contaminated tooth

20
Q

What is the success rate fro cervical pulpotomies

A

79%

21
Q

If you have a necrotic pulp with a closed apex two would you treat it

A

Pulpectomy

22
Q

If you have a necrotic pulp with an open apex two would you treat it

A

Apexification

23
Q

What is Apexification

A

A method of inducing apical closure through the formation of mineralised tissue in the apical pulp region of a non vital tooth with an open apex

24
Q

What are the problem with Apexification

A
  1. There is no increase in root dimensions
  2. Final root filling is difficult
  3. Root predisposed to fracture
25
Q

How do we carry out Apexification

A
  1. Establish working length (1-2mm short of apex)
  2. Chemo mechanical preparation with large files
  3. Sodium hypoclorite irrigation
  4. Dress with calcium hydroxide
  5. Reassess and redres 3 monthly
  6. obturate definitely when hard apical barrier formed
26
Q

What is the prognosis for Apexification

A
  1. 75%-96% form a hard tissue apical barrier

2. Hard risk of cervical root fracture

27
Q

What are some alternative treatments to Apexification

A
  1. Premolar transplant
  2. MTA (Mineral Trioxide Apatite)
  3. Regenerative Endodontic Therapy
28
Q

How common are crown root fractures

A

0.5% of all traumatic injuries

29
Q

Where can the fracture line extend to in a crown root fracture

A
  1. Below the gingival crevice

2. Below alveolar bone margin

30
Q

What problems can we encounter when restoring a crown root fracture

A
  1. Isolation

2. Margins

31
Q

What are the treatment options for a crown root fractures

A
  1. Supragingival restoration
  2. Surgical exposure of fracture site
  3. Surgical extrusion
  4. Orthodontic extrusion
32
Q

How do we classify root fractures

A
  1. Horizontal or vertical

2. Single or multiple

33
Q

How can we diagnose a root fracture

A
  1. Increased mobility seen
  2. Extrusion or lateral luxation of crown seen
  3. Visible on a radiographie taken in 2 angle s
34
Q

How do we treat a stable undisplaced root fracture

A

Do not splint just monitor

35
Q

How do we treat a root fracture that has led to pulp necrosis

A

Root fill to fracture line

4th yr- CCD2- Trauma Symposium (7 decks)

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