Fractures Flashcards
Compression injury to anterior portion of vertebral body with transverse fracture through posterior elements
Usually from flexion injury
Chance fracture
Fracture of the neural arch of C2
From forceful hyperextension
Hangman’s fracture
Burst fracture of anterior and posterior arches of C1
From axial load or hyperextension + axial load injury
Jefferson fracture
Burst/comminuted fracture of the vertebral body with posterior displacement of vertebral body into spinal canal
Flexion teardrop fracture
NOTE: associated with spinal cord injury
Parallel fracture of iliac wing
From lateral compression injury
Duverney’s fracture
Unstable fracture of both pubic rami
From vertical sheer injury
Malgaigne fracture
Fracture of the proximal ulna with dislocation of radial head
From FOSH
Monteggia fracture
Fracture of the radius with dislocation of the distal radio-ulnar joint
Galeazzi fracture
AKA reverse Monteggia
Comminuted fracture of the radial head with dislocation of the distal radio-ulnar joint and disruption of interosseous membrane
From FOSH from substantial height
Essex-Lopresti fracture
Isolated fracture of the ulna
From direct blow
Nightstick
Intra-articular fracture of distal radius with dislocation of the radiocarpal joint
From fall on extended and pronated wrist
Barton’s fracture
Fracture of distal radius with posterior displacement of wrist/hand (dinner fork/Bayonet deformity)
From FOSH on extended wrist
Colles’ fracture
Fracture of distal radius with anterior displacement of wrist/hand
From FOSH on flexed wrist or direct blow
Smith’s fracture
Fracture of the radial styloid
From direct blow
Hutchinson (AKA Chauffer’s) fracture
Fracture of the base of first metacarpal that usually is accompanied by dislocation of CMC joint
From direct blow, hyperabduction or hyperextension
Bennett’s fracture
Comminuted fracture of the base of the first metacarpal, with 3 distinct fragments that are T or Y-shaped
From direct blow, hyperabduction or hyperextension
Rolando’s fracture
Fracture of the neck of 5th (sometimes 4th) metacarpal
From direct blow with closed fist
Boxer’s fracture
Avulsion fracture of the lateral tibia (Gerdy’s tubercle)
Occurs in associated with ACL tears (75%), medial meniscus tears and lateral capsular ligament injuries
Segond fracture
Ossification of superior part of medial collateral ligament (form of myositis ossificans)
From chronic injury or tear to MCL
Pellegrini-Stieda disease
Proximal fibular fracture with associated ligament disruption or medial malleolar ankle fracture
Maisonneuve Fracture
NOTE; most unstable ankle injury due to disruption of all syndesmotic ligaments and interosseous membrane to level of fibular fracture
Fibular fracture proximal to tibiofibular syndesmosis with widening, often with lateral displacement of the talus
Dupytren’s fracture
Highly unstable
Comminuted compression fracture of distal tibia
From tibia being driven into talus (fall from height or MVA)
Pilot/Pestle Fracture
Rare fracture of distal fibula with associated fixed posterior dislocation and usually associated with spiral fracture of lateral malleolus
From severe external rotation of the foot
Boys worth fracture
Avulsion fracture of anterior tubercle of tibia at attachment of tibiofibular ligament
Tillaux fracture
