FRACTIONS, DECIMALS AND PERCENTAGES Flashcards
COMMON FRACTIONS
WHAT IS A COMMON FRACTION?
A COMMON FRACTION REPRESENTS A PORTION OR PART OF A QUANTITY.
COMMON FRACTIONS
WHAT IS THE TOP NUMBER OF A FRACTION CALLED?
NUMERATOR
COMMON FRACTIONS
WHAT IS THE BOTTOM NUMBER OF A FRACTION CALLED?
DENOMINATOR
COMMON FRACTIONS
WHAT IS A NUMERATOR?
IT IS THE NUMBER OF PARTS THERE ARE
COMMON FRACTIONS
WHAT IS A DENOMINATOR?
THE NUMBER OF PARTS ONE UNIT IS DIVIDED INTO
FRACTIONAL TABLE
1/2
- 0.5
- 50%
FRACTIONAL TABLE
1/4
- 0.25
- 25%
FRACTIONAL TABLE
3/4
- 0.75
- 75%
FRACTIONAL TABLE
1/3
- 0.333
- 33.33%
FRACTIONAL TABLE
2/3
- 0.666
- 66.66%
FRACTIONAL TABLE
5/2
- 2.5
- 250%
FRACTIONAL TABLE
1/10
- 0.1
- 10%
FRACTIONAL TABLE
2/10
- 0.2
- 20%
FRACTIONAL TABLE
1/5
- 0.2
- 20%
FRACTIONAL TABLE
2/5
- 0.4
- 40%
FRACTIONAL TABLE
1/8
- 0.125
- 12.5%
FRACTIONAL TABLE
3/8
- 0.375
- 37.5%
SUBDIVISION OF MEASUREMENTS - RIVET DIAMETERS
3/32
- 0.094 INCH
- 2.4 MM
SUBDIVISION OF MEASUREMENTS - RIVET DIAMETERS
1/8
- 0.125 INCH
- 3.2 MM
SUBDIVISION OF MEASUREMENTS - RIVET DIAMETERS
5/32
- 0.156 INCH
- 4.0 MM
SUBDIVISION OF MEASUREMENTS - RIVET DIAMETERS
3/16
- 0.188 INCH
- 4.8 MM
SUBDIVISION OF MEASUREMENTS - RIVET DIAMETERS
1/4
- 0.250 INCH
- 6.4 MM
SUBDIVISION OF MEASUREMENTS - RIVET DIAMETERS
5/16
- 0.312 INCH
- 7.9 MM
SUBDIVISION OF MEASUREMENTS - RIVET DIAMETERS
3/8
- 0.375 INCH
- 9.5 MM
COMPARING SIZE OF FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU COMPARE THE VALUES OF TWO OR MORE FRACTIONS?
- THEY SHOULD BE EXPRESSED AS FRACTIONS WITH THE SAME DENOMINATOR
- THE COMMON DENOMINATOR SHOULD BE THE LCM OF THE DENOMINATORS OF THE FRACTIONS TO BE COMPARED
MIXED NUMBER
WHAT IS A MIXED NUMBER?
A WHOLE NUMBER AND A PROPER FRACTION COMBINED
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - ADDING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU ADD FRACTIONS WITH THE SAME DENOMINATOR?
THE FRACTIONS CAN BE ADDED TOGETHER BY ADDING THEIR NUMERATORS
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - ADDING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU ADD FRACTIONS WITH DIFFERENT DENOMINATORS?
- YOU CANNOT
- YOU MUST CHANGE THE DENOMINATOR TO THE LOWEST COMMON DENOMINATOR OF BOTH FRACTIONS
- THEN ADD THE NUMERATORS
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - ADDING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU ADD MIXED NUMBERS TOGETHER?
- ADD THE WHOLE NUMBERS AND FRACTIONS SEPARATELY
- ENSURE THE FRACTIONS HAVE THE SAME DENOMINATOR
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - SUBTRACTING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU SUBTRACT FRACTIONS WITH THE SAME DENOMINATOR?
IF FRACTIONS TO BE SUBTRACTED HAVE THE SAME DENOMINATOR SUBTRACT THE NUMERATORS
IT IS POSSIBLE TO HAVE A NEGATIVE FRACTION
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - SUBTRACTING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU SUBTRACT FRACTIONS WITH DIFFERENT DENOMINATORS?
- YOU CANNOT
- FIRST OF ALL FIND THE LOWEST COMMON DENOMINATOR
- SUBTRACT THE NUMERATORS
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - SUBTRACTING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU SUBTRACT MIXED NUMBERS?
- SUBTRACT THE WHOLE NUMBERS
- THEN DEAL WITH THE FRACTIONS
- ENSURE THE DENOMINATORS ARE THE SAME
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - SUBTRACTING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU SUBTRACT MIXED NUMBERS BY CONVERTING THE FRACTION TO AN IMPROPER FRACTION?
- CONVERT THE NUMBER INTO AN IMPROPER FRACTION
- MAKE SURE THE DENOMINATORS ARE THE SAME
- SUBTRACT THE IMPROPER FRACTION WITH THE LCD
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - MULTIPLYING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU MULTIPLY FRACTIONS?
- MULTIPLY THE NUMERATORS OF EACH FRACTION TO FORM THE PRODUCT NUMERATOR
- THEN MULTIPLY THE DENOMINATORS TO FORM THE PRODUCT DENOMINATOR
- REDUCE THE FRACTION TO ITS LOWEST TERMS
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - MULTIPLYING FRACTIONS
WHAT MUST YOU DO IF THERE ARE FACTORS COMMON TO A NUMERATOR AND A DENOMINATOR?
CANCEL THEM BEFORE MULTIPLYING
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - MULTIPLYING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU MULTIPLY MIXED NUMBERS?
- CONVERT THE MIXED NUMBER INTO AN IMPROPER FRACTION
- MULTIPLY THE NUMERATORS
- MULTIPLY THE DENOMINATORS
- EXPRESS THE RESULT AS A MIXED NUMBER
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - MULTIPLYING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU CONVERT A MIXED NUMBER TO AN IMPROPER FRACTION?
- MULTIPLY THE WHOLE NUMBER BY THE DENOMINATOR
- ADD THAT ANSWER TO THE NUMERATOR
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - MULTIPLYING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU CONVERT AN IMPROPER FRACTION TO A MIXED NUMBER?
- DIVIDE THE NUMERATOR BY THE DENOMINATOR
- WRITE DOWN THE WHOLE NUMBER AS THE RESULT
- USE THE REMAINDER AS THE NUMERATOR
BASIC OPERATORS ON FRACTIONS - DIVIDING FRACTIONS
HOW DO YOU DIVIDE FRACTIONS?
- INVERT THE DIVISOR
- MULTIPLY THE NUMERATOR
- MULTIPLY THE DENOMINATOR
- REDUCE THE QUOTIENT TO ITS LOWEST TERMS
DECIMALS
WHAT IS A DECIMAL?
A NUMBER WITH A WHOLE NUMBER PART AND A FRACTION PART
SEPARATED BY A DECIMAL POINT
DECIMAL POINTS EXTEND THE BASE 10 NUMBER SYSTEM
DECIMALS
WHY DO WE USE DECIMALS?
THEY ARE EASIER TO READ THAN FRACTIONS
DECIMALS
HOW DO YOU CONVERT A COMMON FRACTION TO A DECIMAL FRACTION?
- DIVIDING THE NUMERATOR BY THE DENOMINATOR
DECIMALS
HOW DO YOU CONVERT AN IMPROPER FRACTION TO A DECIMAL FRACTION?
- DIVIDE THE NUMERATOR BY THE DENOMINATOR
- THE INTEGER PART OF THE NUMBER APPEARS TO THE LEFT OF THE DECIMAL POINT
- THE FRACTIONAL PART APPEARS TO THE RIGHT OF THE DECIMAL POINT
BASIC OPERATORS ON DECIMALS - ADDING DECIMALS
HOW DO YOU ADD DECIMALS?
- ALIGN THE DECIMAL POINT
- ADD
BASIC OPERATORS ON DECIMALS - SUBTRACTING DECIMALS
HOW DO YOU SUBTRACT DECIMALS?
- ALIGN THE DECIMAL POINT
- SUBTRACT
BASIC OPERATORS ON DECIMALS - MULTIPLYING DECIMALS
HOW DO YOU MULTIPLY DECIMALS?
- IGNORE THE DECIMAL POINT
- MULTIPLY THE WHOLE NUMBERS
- COUNT THE NUMBER OF DIGITS TO THE RIGHT OF THE DECIMAL POINT IN THE ORIGINAL NUMBERS
- PLACE THE DECIMAL POINT THAT NUMBER OF PLACES FROM THE RIGHT.
BASIC OPERATORS ON DECIMALS - DIVIDING DECIMALS
HOW DO YOU DIVIDE DECIMALS?
- WHEN THE DIVISOR IS A WHOLE NUMBER THE DECIMAL POINT ALIGNS WITH THE DECIMAL IN THE DIVIDEND
- WHEN THE DIVISOR IS A DECIMAL FRACTION CONVERT TO A WHOLE NUMBER BY MOVING THE DECIMAL POINT TO THE RIGHT
- WHEN THE DECIMAL IN THE DIVISOR IS MOVED YOU MUST MOVE THE DECIMAL IN THE DIVIDEND IN THE SAME DIRECTION AND NUMBER OF SPACES.
PERCENTAGES
WHAT IS A PERCENTAGE?
- OUT OF 100
- REPRESENTED BY THE % SIGN
PERCENTAGE VALUE OF A QUANTITY
HOW DO YOU FIND THE VALUE OF A PERCENTAGE OF A QUANTITY?
- EXPRESS THE PERCENTAGE AS A FRACTION
- MULTIPLY BY THE QUANTITY
- OR
- DIVIDE THE QUANITITY BY 100
- MULTIPLY BY THE PERCENTAGE
EXPRESSING A QUANTITY AS A PERCENTAGE
HOW DO YOU EXPRESS ONE QUANTITY AS A PERCENTAGE OF ANOTHER?
- MAKE A FRACTION OF THE TWO QUANTITIES
- MULTIPLY BY 100
CONVERTING FRACTIONS TO DECIMALS AND PERCENTAGES - FRACTION TO DECIMAL
HOW DO YOU CONVERT A FRACTION TO A DECIMAL?
- DIVIDE THE NUMERATOR BY THE DENOMINATOR
- 3/4 = 3 ÷ 4 = 0.75
CONVERTING FRACTIONS TO DECIMALS AND PERCENTAGES- FRACTION TO PERCENTAGE
HOW DO YOU CONVERT FRACTION TO A PERCENTAGE?
- FIRST CONVERT THE FRACTION TO A DECIMAL
- MULTIPLY BY 100
- 3/4 = 0.75 x 100 = 75%
CONVERTING DECIMALS TO FRACTIONS AND PERCENTAGES - DECIMAL TO FRACTION
HOW DO YOU CONVERT A DECIMAL TO A FRACTION?
- WRITE DOWN THE DECIMAL DIVIDED BY 1
- 0.75 / 1
- MULTIPLY THE TOP AND BOTTOM BY 10 FOR EVERY NUMBER AFTER THE DECIMAL POINT
- MULTIPLY 0.75 BY 100 AS THERE ARE TWO DIGITS ARE 0
- 75 / 100
- SIMPLIFY THE FRACTION
- 3/4
CONVERTING FRACTIONS TO DECIMALS AND PERCENTAGES DECIMAL TO PERCENTAGE
HOW DO YOU CONVERT DECIMAL TO PERCENTAGE?
- MULTIPLY THE DECIMAL BY 100
- ADD THE % SIGN
- 0.75 x 100 = 75%
CONVERTING PERCENTAGES TO DECIMALS AND FRACTIONS- PERCENTAGE TO DECIMAL
HOW DO YOU CONVERT A PERCENTAGE TO A DECIMAL?
- DIVIDE THE PERCENTAGE BY 100
- 75% / 100 = 0.75
CONVERTING PERCENTAGES TO DECIMALS AND FRACTIONS- PERCENTAGE TO FRACTION
HOW DO YOU CONVERT A PERCENTAGE TO A FRACTION?
- DIVIDE THE PERCENTAGE BY 100
- SIMPLIFY THE FRACTION
- 75% = 75/100 = 3/4
KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER - FRACTIONS, DECIMALS AND PERCENTAGES
HOW DO YOU CONVERT A FRACTION INTO A DECIMAL OR PERCENTAGE?
DIVIDE THE NUMERATOR BY THE DENOMINATOR
KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER - FRACTIONS, DECIMALS AND PERCENTAGES
HOW DO YOU CONVERT A DECIMAL TO A FRACTION?
WRITE IT OVER 1
MULTIPLY THE NUMERATOR AND DENOMINATOR
SIMPLIFY
KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER - FRACTIONS, DECIMALS AND PERCENTAGES
HOW DO YOU CONVERT A PERCENTAGE TO A DECIMAL OR FRACTION?
DIVIDE BY 100
KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER - FRACTIONS, DECIMALS AND PERCENTAGES
WHAT IS THE COMMON STEP IN CONVERTING DECIMALS TO PERCENTAGES?
MULTIPLYING BY 100
KEY POINTS TO REMEMBER - FRACTIONS, DECIMALS AND PERCENTAGES
HOW TO CONVERT FRACTION - DECIMAL - PERCENTAGE