Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil Flashcards
Is fractionating column hottest at bottom or top
bottom
do longer chain alkanes have higher or lower boiling points than shorter chain alkanes
higher
why do longer chain alkanes have higher boiling points than shorter chain alkanes
as the molecules get larger, their SA increases and the intermolecular forces get stronger.
It isn’t the bonds becoming stronger.
as the boiling point of the fractions increases what happens to the appearance
darker
as the boiling point of the fractions increases what happens to the flammability
harder to ignite
as the boiling point of the fractions increases what happens to the smokiness of the flame
smokier
as the boiling point of the fractions increases what happens to the viscosity
viscosity increases
thicker
think about boiling points and where is hottest in fractionating column
are fractions with longer chain alkanes at the top or bottom
bottom
what is the fraction containing organic compounds > C70 known as
residue (bitumen)
boiling point of residue (bitumen) fraction
> 400C
what can residue (bitumen) be used for
roads and roofing
what is the fraction containing organic compounds C20 to C70 known as
fuel oil
boiling point of fuel oil fraction
400C
what can fuel oil be used for
fuels for…
* ships
* factories
* central heating
* power stations
what is the fraction containing organic compounds C14 to C20 known as
diesel oils
boiling point of diesel oils fraction
270C
what can diesel oils be used for
fuel for some cars and trains
what is the fraction containing organic compounds C10 to C16 known as
kerosine (paraffin oil)
boiling point of kerosine (paraffin oil) fraction
170C
what can kerosine (paraffin oil) be used for
- jet fuel
- paraffin for lighting and heating
what is the fraction containing organic compounds C5 to C10 known as
petrol (gasoline)
boiling point of petrol (gasoline) fraction
120C
what can petrol (gasoline) be used for
fuel for vehicles
what is the fraction containing organic compounds C1 to C4 known as
refinery gases
