fractional distillation and petrochemicals

Question 1

describe what a fractional is and state the uses of fractions

Answer 1

In fractional distillation, a fraction is a separated part of a mixture based on its boiling point. The mixture is heated, and components like gasoline and diesel are collected as they evaporate and condense at different temperatures, allowing useful substances to be extracted.

Question 1

explain the process of fractional distillation of crude oil in terms of evaporation and condensation

() means it is very important

Answer 1

At the beginning of the fractional distillation process, crude oil is (heated) and most of it (evaporates). It enters the fractionating column as a gas. As the gas rises up the column, the crude oil fractions (cool) and )(condense) out at different levels, depending on their (range) boiling points. Fractions can be used as fuels.

Question 2

state the name of fuels we depend on which are produced from crude oil

Answer 2

petrol, diesel, kerosene.

Question 3

state why there is large variety of synthetic carbons compounds

Answer 3

There is a vast array of natural and synthetic. organic compounds because of the ability of carbon to form four covalent bonds. Carbon can also form giant covalent structures, including diamond.

Question 3

state useful materials which are produced by the petrochemical industry and describe their function

Answer 3

plastics, soaps and detergents, solvents, drugs, fertilizers, pesticides, explosives, synthetic fibres and rubbers, paints, epoxy resins, and flooring and insulating materials.