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Science Quiz-Bowl Study > Fourth Sentence Science Prompts > Flashcards

Fourth Sentence Science Prompts Flashcards

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1
Q

Spin is considered to be an intrinsic form of, for 10 points, what quantity, symbolized L, is the rotational analogue of linear momentum?

A

Angular Momentum

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2
Q

This pathway can be activated by release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, which activates cysteine proteases, called caspases.

A

Apoptosis

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3
Q

For 10 points, name this type of electrical current that follows a sinusoidal pattern, unlike direct current.

A

Alternating Current

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4
Q

For 10 points, name this quantity symbolized L, which is the rotational analogue of linear momentum.

A

Angular Momentum

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5
Q

For 10 points, name this French chemist, the so-called “father of modern chemistry.”

A

Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier

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6
Q

For 10 points, name this end product of cellular respiration, the “energy currency” of the cell.

A

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

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7
Q

For 10 points, name these compounds that react together to form poly·olefins.

A

Alkenes

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8
Q

For 10 points, name this class of hydrocarbons that are characterized by a double bond, which are contrasted with alkanes and alkynes.

A

Alkenes

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9
Q

For 10 points, name this second simplest carboxylic acid with formula CH3COOH, which is found in vinegar.

A

Acetic Acid

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10
Q

For 10 points, name this rotational analog of linear momentum.

A

Angular Momentum

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11
Q

For 10 points, name this functional group characterized by the presence of at least one carbon-carbon double bond.

A

Alkenes

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12
Q

For 10 points, name this group of very reactive metallic elements which includes francium and lithium.

A

Alkali Metals

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13
Q

For 10 points, the cross product of position and momentum equals what rotational analogue of momentum?

A

Angular Momentum

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14
Q

For 10 points, give this property that allows one to ignore parentheses in products since the quantity “a times b,” end quantity, times c, equals a times the quantity “b times c.”

A

Associativity

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15
Q

For 10 points, name this quantity equal to one-half base times height.

A

Area of a Triangle

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16
Q

For 10 points, name this group of reactive metal elements which include potassium and sodium.

A

Alkali Metals

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17
Q

For 10 points, name this prolific French mathematician who names the statement that the absolute value of x dot y is less than or equal to the product of the norms of x and y along with Schwarz.

A

Augustin-Louis Cauchy:

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18
Q

For 10 points, name this “energy currency” of the cell, which is produced through cellular respiration.

A

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

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19
Q

For 10 points, name this symbol that typically also represents multiplication.

A

Asterisk

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20
Q

For 10 points, name this largest artery of the human body.

A

Aorta

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21
Q

For 10 points, name this superior counting system which, in Europe, replaced one named for the Romans.

A

Arabic Numerals

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22
Q

For 10 points, name this French mathematician who shares the name of a famous inequality with Hermann Schwarz and the name of a pair of differential equations with Bernhard Riemann.

A

Augustin-Louis Cauchy:

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23
Q

Rubidium, cesium, and francium are, for 10 points, members of what elemental group composed of metals that all form a plus one charge.

A

Alkali Metals

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24
Q

What substances are contrasted with bases?

A

Acetic Acid

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25
Q

For 10 points, UNIX and MS-DOS use what character as a wildcard character in searching, also seen in both C and Java to represent multiplication?

A

Asterisk

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26
Q

At 16.6 degrees Celsius, the anhydrous “glacial” version of this compound begins to form.

A

Acetic Acid

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27
Q

For 10 points, name this class of chemical compounds that exhibit a pH less than seven.

A

Acetic Acid

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28
Q

For 10 points, name this French scientist who is considered the father of modern chemistry.

A

Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier

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29
Q

Unlike necrosis, this process is orderly.

A

Apoptosis

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30
Q

For 10 points, name these long projections of neurons.

A

Axons

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31
Q

For 10 points, name this family of hydrocarbons that includes propene and acetylene.

A

Alkenes

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32
Q

On QWERTY-keyboards, this symbol comes above the eight.

A

Asterisk

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33
Q
  1. For 10 points, name this weak acid, which is found in vinegar.
A

Acetic Acid

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34
Q

For 10 points, name this leftmost group on the periodic table.

A

Alkali Metals

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35
Q

For 10 points, name this form of cell death.

A

Apoptosis

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36
Q

For 10 points, name this molecule that stores energy in the bonds between phosphate groups.

A

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

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37
Q

For 10 points, name this property which states that the order in which consecutive occurrences of certain binary operations are carried out will not affect the result of an expression.

A

Associativity

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38
Q

The release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria triggers, 10 points, what process of programmed cell death?

A

Apoptosis

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39
Q

For 10 points, name this molecule that serves as the “energy currency” of the cell.

A

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

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40
Q

For 10 points, name this pioneer of stoichiometry, a scientist guillotined during the French Revolution who was considered the father of modern chemistry.

A

Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier

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41
Q

For 10 points, name this French mathematician, who names that inequality with Schwarz.

A

Augustin-Louis Cauchy:

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42
Q

For 10 points, name this second-most complex carboxylic acid, which is the main component of vinegar.

A

Acetic Acid

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43
Q

For 10 points, give this last name shared by Marie-Anne and her husband Antoine, the father of modern chemistry and coiner of the name “oxygen”.

A

Lavoisier/Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier

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44
Q

The brachiocephalic artery, the left subclavian artery, and the left common carotid artery all split off of—for 10 points—what artery in the body?

A

Aorta

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45
Q

For 10 points, what molecule often used to power active transport has a function similar to a charged battery?

A

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)

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46
Q

The first to state the law of conservation of mass, for 10 points, name this French chemist, often considered the father of modern chemistry.

A

Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier

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47
Q

For 10 points, name this flow of charge, which comes in “alternating” and “direct” types.

A

Electrical Current/Alternating Current

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48
Q

Oxygenated blood is received from the heart and distributed by–for 10 points–what largest artery in the human body?

A

Aorta

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49
Q

For 10 points, name this form of radioactive decay that results in the emission of its namesake particle, such as an electron.

A

Beta Decay

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50
Q

For 10 points, name this phenomenon in which a nucleus emits either a positron or an electron.

A

Beta Decay

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51
Q

For 10 points, name this anion found in limestone, with formula “C-O-3 2-minus.”

A

Bicarbonate

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51
Q

Sometimes occurring with electron capture, for 10 points, name this type of radioactive decay in which a positron or electron is emitted from a nucleus in its plus or minus versions.

A

Beta Decay

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52
Q

Renal compensation regulates the levels of this anion.

A

Bicarbonate

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53
Q

For 10 points, name this base formed by carbonic anhydrase, a major constituent of the blood’s buffering system.

A

Bicarbonate

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54
Q

For 10 points, name this class of vertebrates with feathers and wings.

A

Birds

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54
Q

This anion is present in excess in alkalosis, when its equilibrium is favored over the acid that forms when carbon dioxide dissolves in water.

A

Bicarbonate

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55
Q

For 10 points, name these feathered, egg-laying vertebrates that are typically, but not always, capable of flight.

A

Birds

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56
Q

These animals are believed to have evolved from Archaeopteryx, a dinosaur common during the Jurassic.

A

Birds

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57
Q
  1. For 10 points, name this modern class of vertebrates, examples of which include the flightless emu and flying eagles.
A

Birds

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58
Q

For 10 points, identify these ideal objects which absorb all incident radiation.

A

Black Body/Perfect Black Body

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59
Q

For 10 points, name these things which emit more energy than any other object with the same temperature and absorb all incoming electromagnetic radiation.

A

Black Body/Perfect Black Body

60
Q

When a substance reaches this quantity, vapor pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure.

A

Boiling Point

60
Q

For 10 points, name this temperature equal to 100 degrees celsius for water.

A

Boiling Point

61
Q

For 10 points, name this temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas.

A

Boiling Point

62
Q

This is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to its surroundings.

A

Boiling Point

63
Q

For 10 points, name this temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas.

A

Boiling Point

64
Q
A

Bone/Bone Tissue

64
Q

Vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure at, for 10 points, what temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas, equal to 100 degrees for water?

A

Boiling Point

65
Q

A device for measuring this quantity is called an ebullioscope.

A

Boiling Point

66
Q

This temperature is colligatively increased when a solute is added to a liquid and is highest for substances with strong intermolecular forces.

A

Boiling Point

67
Q

The density of these structures can be measured with a DEXA scan.

A

Bone/Bone Tissue

68
Q

For 10 points, name this tissue which makes up the majority of the body’s skeletal system.

A

Bone/Bone Tissue

69
Q

Calcitonin is administered to treat a condition of this tissue named osteoporosis.

A

Bone/Bone Tissue

70
Q

For 10 points, name this hard connective tissue created by osteoblasts which makes up the skeleton.

A

Bone/Bone Tissue

71
Q

For 10 points, name this tissue that provides structural integrity to organisms through the skeletal system.

A

Bone/Bone Tissue

72
Q

This tissue consists of inorganic carbonated hydroxyapatite.

A

Bone/Bone Tissue

73
Q

Because it has an empty p orbital, this element’s trifluoride is a common Lewis acid.

A

Boron

74
Q

For 10 points, name this element with atomic number five.

A

Boron

75
Q

Compounds of this element are often electron-deficient, since they violate the octet rule by having only six valence electrons.

A

Boron

76
Q

For 10 points, name this metalloid element, with atomic number 5 and symbol B.

A

Boron

77
Q

For 10 points, name this first p-block element, a metalloid with atomic number 5.

A

Boron

78
Q

This element’s trifluoride is a Lewis acid which is planar because it has only 3 bonding domains, since this element violates the octet rule.

A

Boron

79
Q

This element is the lightest to have an electron in the p subshell in its ground state.

A

Boron

79
Q

For 10 points, name this disease, most common in women, that is detected by a mammogram.

A

Breast Cancer

80
Q

It is subdivided into conditions of ductal and lobular origin.

A

Breast Cancer

81
Q

This disease is screened for using mammograms and self-exams.

A

Breast Cancer

82
Q

For 10 points, name this type of cancer that is usually treated with a mastectomy and radiation.

A

Breast Cancer

83
Q

For 10 points, name this phenomenon in which small particles move about randomly because of the motion of gas or liquid particles surrounding them.

A

Brownian Motion

84
Q

Named for a British botanist is – for ten points – what random motion of suspended particles exemplified by pollen grains in water?

A

Brownian Motion

85
Q

For 10 points, name this random motion of particles suspended in a fluid, discovered in pollen grains by its namesake Scottish botanist.

A

Brownian Motion

86
Q

For 10 points, diffusion is a basic example of what random motion of particles in a fluid, first discovered in grains of pollen by its namesake botanist Robert Brown?

A

Brownian Motion

87
Q

Name this seemingly random movement of particles suspended in a fluid, also known as pedesis.

A

Brownian Motion

88
Q

For 10 points, name this upward-pointing force that opposes gravity in a fluid, allowing objects to float.

A

Buoyancy

89
Q

For 10 points, name this upward-pointing force that keeps objects afloat.

A

Buoyancy

89
Q

Scuba divers wear a compensator that allows them to modulate this phenomenon while underwater.

A

Buoyancy

90
Q

For ten points, name this force discovered by Archimedes that causes objects to float.

A

Buoyancy

91
Q

For 10 points, name this force whose magnitude is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced

A

Buoyancy

92
Q

For 10 points, name this element with symbol Ca, found in bones and milk.

A

Calcium

92
Q

Inadequate Vitamin D levels decrease this element’s absorption, which can lead to conditions like osteoporosis.

A

Calcium

93
Q

For 10 points, name this element stored in teeth and bones.

A

Calcium

94
Q

This element’s oxalate [AWK-suh-layt] salt makes up most kidney stones.

A

Calcium

95
Q

For 10 points, name this alkaline earth metal whose ions are stored in bones.

A

Calcium

96
Q

Osteoclast activity increases in response to low blood levels of this ion.

A

Calcium

97
Q

For 10 points, name this cation (“CAT-eye-on”) that aids in muscle contraction and is stored in bones.

A

Calcium

98
Q

For 10 points, name this technique that measures the heat change of a reaction.

A

Calorimeter/Calorimetry

99
Q

For 10 points, name this technique for measuring the heat of a chemical reaction, which has a similar name to a unit of energy provided by food.

A

Calorimeter/Calorimetry

100
Q

The isothermal titration type of this technique is commonly used to study the binding of ligands to macromolecules.

A

Calorimeter/Calorimetry

101
Q

For 10 points, name this lab technique that measures the heat gained or lost during a reaction.

A

Calorimeter/Calorimetry

102
Q

For 10 points, name this technique that measures the flow of heat in a reaction, which is often performed in school labs using nested styrofoam coffee cups.

A

Calorimeter/Calorimetry

103
Q

For 10 points, name this technique used to measure the heat evolved in a chemical reaction.

A

Calorimeter/Calorimetry

104
Q

For 10 points, what first geological period in the Paleozoic (pay-lee-uh-ZOH-ick) era saw a huge increase in multiᐧcellular life, its namesake explosion?

A

Cambrian Period

105
Q

For 10 points, name this geological period that was the first of the Paleozoic Era.

A

Cambrian Period

105
Q

For 10 points, name this first period of the Paleozoic Era which had a great diversification in animals in its namesake “explosion”.

A

Cambrian Period

106
Q

Trilobites are used as an index fossil to divide this period into zones.

A

Cambrian Period

107
Q

For 10 points, chloroplasts consume water and what gas to make sugars during photosynthesis?

A

Carbon Dioxide

107
Q

RuBisCo fixes this molecule in the Calvin cycle.

A

Carbon Dioxide

108
Q

For 10 points, name this geologic period named for the Latin name of Wales.

A

Cambrian Period

109
Q

For 10 points, name this gas, with the chemical formula CO2.

A

Carbon Dioxide

110
Q

For 10 points, name this greenhouse gas that is released by the burning of fossil fuels.

A

Carbon Dioxide

111
Q

This molecule forms carbonic acid when it reacts with water, causing ocean acidification.

A

Carbon Dioxide

112
Q

For 10 points, name this quantity which represents the maximum population size that an environment can sustain.

A

Carrying Capacity

113
Q

For 10 points, name this value, often denoted “K,” that represents the maximum population an environment can support.

A

Carrying Capacity

114
Q

This value is found in the denominator of the competitive Lotka-Volterra equations and in the differential form of an 1838 equation published by Pierre Verhulst.

A

Carrying Capacity

115
Q

For 10 points, name this electrode through which electrons flow and from which current leaves, the opposite of an anode.

A

Cathodes

116
Q

For 10 points, name this structure consisting of a lipid bilayer that separates a cell from its environment.

A

Cell Membrane

117
Q

For 10 points, name this structure that surrounds the cell.

A

Cell Membrane

118
Q

Cholesterol increases the fluidity of this structure.

A

Cell Membrane

119
Q

The fluid mosaic model describes this structure.

A

Cell Membrane

119
Q

In plants, the cell wall surrounds this structure.

A

Cell Membrane

119
Q

For 10 points, name this structure composed of two layers of phospholipids, which marks the boundary of a cell.

A

Cell Membrane

120
Q

For 10 points, name this organelle where photosynthesis occurs in plants.

A

Chloroplasts

121
Q

For 10 points—name these components of the cytoskeleton.

A

Centrioles

122
Q

Thylakoids in this organelle contain the green pigment chlorophyll.

A

Chloroplasts

123
Q

For 10 points, name this organelle that is responsible for converting solar energy into chemical energy during photosynthesis.

A

Chloroplasts

124
Q

Like the mitochondrion, this double-membraned organelle has its own DNA and was probably originally a prokaryote that got engulfed.

A

Chloroplasts

124
Q

Both the light reactions and Calvin cycle occur in this organelle, which makes glucose.

A

Chloroplasts

125
Q
  1. For ten points, name this green organelle most frequently found in plants.
A

Chloroplasts

126
Q

This organelle consists of the fluid stroma, which surrounds the grana, which are stacks of thylakoids.
8.

A

Chloroplasts

127
Q
A
128
Q
A
129
Q
A
130
Q
A
131
Q
A
132
Q
A
132
Q
A
133
Q
A
134
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A
135
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A
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A
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A

Science Quiz-Bowl Study (2 decks)

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