Four Types Of Solids Flashcards
Forces between particles in an ionic solid?
Strong
Electrical conductivity of an ionic solid?
Solid: no
Molten or solution: yes
Charge carriers within ionic solids?
Ions
Melting point of a molecular solid?
Low
Forces between particles in a molecular solid?
Weak
Electrical conductivity of a molecular solid?
Solid: no
Molten or solution: no
Charge carriers within a molecular solid?
None
Melting point of a metallic solid?
Fairly high
Forces between particles within a metallic solid?
Strong
Electrical conductivity of metallic solids?
Solid: yes
Molten: yes
Charge carriers within metallic solids?
Mobile electrons
Melting points of covalent solids?
Very high
Forces between particles within covalent solids?
Strong
Electrical conductivity of covalent solids?
Solid: no
Molten: if able to be melted, liquid does not conduct.
Charge carriers within covalent solids?
None
Melting point of an ionic solid?
High
Examples of an ionic solid?
NaCl
MgO
KI
Properties of an ionic solid?
High melting point. Hard but brittle. Conduct electricity when molten but not when solid.
Structure of an ionic solid.
A 3-D network of oppositely-charged ions held together by strong forces.
Examples of a metallic solid?
Cu
Al
Fe
Properties of a metallic solid?
Low to high melting points. Malleable and ductile. Conduct electricity when solid or molten.
Structure of a metallic solid?
A lattice of metallic ions held together by a ‘sea’ of delocalised electrons.
Examples of a molecular solid?
H2O
CO2
I2
Properties of a molecular solid?
Low melting points. Often soft or waxy. Do not conduct electricity when a solid or molten.
Structure of a molecular solid?
Discrete (separate) molecules held together by weak forces.
Examples of a covalent network?
C (diamond)
Si
SiO2 (silica)
Properties of a covalent network?
High melting points. Hard but brittle. Do not conduct electricity when solid or molten. Exception for graphite.
Structure of a covalent network?
Atoms joined together in a strong network.
