Foundatios Ch5 Keyterms Flashcards
1
Q
What does AIDS stand for?
A
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
2
Q
What is the function of antiseptics?
A
Chemical germicides for use on skin
3
Q
What does asymptomatic mean?
A
Showing no symptoms or signs of infection
4
Q
Define bacteria.
A
Single-celled microorganisms with plant and animal characteristics
5
Q
What are bacterial spores?
A
Bacteria capable of protective coating to withstand harsh environments
6
Q
What does bactericidal mean?
A
Capable of destroying bacteria
7
Q
What are biofilms?
A
Colonies of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces
8
Q
What are bloodborne pathogens?
A
Disease-causing microorganisms carried by blood or body fluids
9
Q
What are chelating soaps?
A
Break down films and remove residue of products
10
Q
What is cleaning?
A
Mechanical process to remove dirt and germs
11
Q
Define contagious disease.
A
A disease that can be spread from one person to another. Also known as communicable disease.
12
Q
What is contamination?
A
Presence of potentially infectious materials on surfaces
13
Q
What does diagnosis mean?
A
Determination of the nature of a disease
14
Q
How does direct transmission occur?
A
Transmission of pathogens through direct contact
15
Q
What is the definition of disease?
A
An abnormal condition affecting body structure or function
16
Q
What are disinfectants?
A
Chemical products used to destroy most bacteria
17
Q
What does efficacy refer to?
A
The ability of a product to achieve the intended effect
18
Q
What is a fungicidal?
A
Capable of destroying molds and fungi
19
Q
Define hepatitis.
A
A bloodborne virus that damages the liver
20
Q
What is the human papilloma virus?
A
HPV; a virus that can infect the bottom of the foot and resemble small black dots, usually enlisted groups; also cutaneous viral infection, commonly contracted through sexual transmission and exhibited by genital warts.
21
Q
What is indirect transmission?
A
Transmission of blood/body fluids through contact with contaminated objects such as a razor, extractor or environmental surface.
22
Q
What is the primary role of infection control?
A
Methods to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infections
23
Q
Define a local infection.
A
An infection confined to a particular body part
24
Q
What are microorganisms?
A
Organisms of microscopic or submicroscopic size
25
What is a multiuse item also known as?
Reusable. Items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid.
26
What is nonpathogenic bacteria?
Harmless bacteria that can perform useful functions
27
Define occupational disease.
Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment
28
What are parasites?
Organisms that live on another organism and contribute nothing
29
Define pathogenic.
Microorganisms that cause disease in humans
30
What is the abbreviation for acquired immune deficiency syndrome?
AIDS
31
What are antiseptics?
Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration.
32
What is the definition of asymptomatic?
Showing no symptoms or signs of infection.
33
What are bacterial spores?
Bacteria capable of producing a protective coating that allows them to withstand very harsh environments.
34
What does bactericidal mean?
Capable of destroying bacteria.
35
What is the purpose of biofilms?
They are masses of cells that adhere to environmental surfaces.
36
What are bloodborne pathogens?
Pathogens carried in the body by blood or body fluids.
37
What are chelating soaps used for?
To break down stubborn films and remove residue of products such as scrubs and salts.
38
What does the term communicable mean?
Able to be transmitted from one person to another, as in a communicable disease.
39
What is a contagious disease?
A disease that can spread from one person to another.
40
What is contamination?
Visible debris or residues such as dust, hair, and skin potentially infectious material.
41
What is a direct transmission?
Transmission of pathogens through direct contact such as kissing or sneezing.
42
What are disinfectants?
Chemical products approved by the EPA designed to destroy most bacteria, fungi, and viruses on surfaces.
43
What is disinfection?
A chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms on environmental surfaces.
44
What does efficacy refer to in infection control?
The ability of a product to produce the intended effect, indicated on disinfectant labels.
45
What is an exposure incident?
Contact with broken skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious material.
46
What is a local infection?
An infection confined to a particular part of the body, like a pimple or abscess.
47
What does MRSA stand for?
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a type of infectious bacteria resistant to conventional treatments.
48
What is a microorganism?
Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.
49
What is sanitation?
A chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level.
50
What are quaternary ammonium compounds commonly known as?
Quats, designed for disinfection of nonporous surfaces.
51
What is a systemic infection?
An infection where the pathogen has distributed throughout the body rather than staying in one area.
52
What is the process of sterilization?
A process that completely destroys all microbial life, including bacterial spores.
53
Define communicable.
Able to be communicated; transferable by contact from one person to another as in a communicable disease.
54
Define disinfection.
A chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms (except bacterial spores) on environmental surfaces.
55
What is an exposure incident?
Contact with non-intact or broken skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials, which is the result of the performance of an employee’s duties.
56
What are fungi?
Single celled organisms that grow in irregular masses, and include molds, and mild juice, and yeast; they can produce contagious diseases, such as ringworm.
57
What is the herpes simplex virus?
An inflammatory disease of the skin caused by a viral infection and characterized by small vehicles in clusters.
58
What is a pathogenic disease?
Disease produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
## Footnote
Pathogenic diseases can lead to various health issues and are often contagious.
59
What is pediculosis capitis?
Infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice.
## Footnote
This condition is commonly found in children and can lead to itching and discomfort.
60
What are phenolic disinfectants?
Tuberculocidal disinfectants that are a form of formaldehyde, have a very high pH, and can damage the skin and eyes.
## Footnote
They are effective in killing a wide range of pathogens but must be handled carefully.
61
Define 'porous'.
Made or constructed of a material that has pores or openings; porous items are absorbent.
## Footnote
Porous materials can retain moisture and may harbor bacteria if not cleaned properly.
62
What is pus?
A fluid created by infection.
## Footnote
Pus typically contains dead cells, bacteria, and tissue debris.
63
What are quaternary ammonium compounds?
Commonly known as quats, products made of quaternary ammonium cations designed for disinfection of nonporous surfaces.
## Footnote
They are effective against most pathogens of concern in the salon, spa, or barbershop environment.
64
What is ringworm?
A fungal infection of the skin that appears in circular lesions.
## Footnote
Despite its name, ringworm is not caused by worms but by fungi.
65
What is sanitation?
Also known as sanitizing; a chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level.
## Footnote
Proper sanitation is crucial in preventing the spread of infections.
66
What is scabies?
A contagious skin disease caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin.
## Footnote
Scabies results in intense itching and a rash.
67
What is sodium hypochlorite?
Common household bleach; an effective disinfectant for the salon, spa, and barbershop.
## Footnote
It is widely used for surface disinfection and is effective against a range of pathogens.
68
What are Standard Precautions?
Guidelines published by the CDC that require the employer and employee to assume that any human blood and body fluids are potentially infectious.
## Footnote
These precautions are essential for ensuring safety in healthcare and salon environments.
69
What are staphylococci?
Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes; cause abscesses, pustules, and boils.
## Footnote
Staphylococci can lead to serious infections if they enter the body.
70
What is sterilization?
The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.
## Footnote
Sterilization is critical in surgical settings and when using reusable instruments.
71
What is a systemic infection?
An infection where the pathogen has distributed throughout the body rather than staying in one area or organ.
## Footnote
Systemic infections can be more severe and require immediate medical attention.
72
What is tinea barbae?
Also known as barber's itch, a superficial fungal infection that primarily affects the bearded areas of the face and neck or around the scalp.
## Footnote
It can cause itching and redness in affected areas.
73
What is tinea capitis?
A fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red papules, spots, at the opening of the hair follicles.
## Footnote
This condition is common in children and can lead to hair loss.
74
What are tuberculocidal disinfectants?
Often referred to as phenolics, proven to kill the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, in addition to other pathogens.
## Footnote
They are critical in environments where tuberculosis is a concern.
75
What is tuberculosis?
A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing.
## Footnote
(tuh-bur-kyoo-LO-sus)
76
What does virucidal mean?
Capable of destroying viruses.
## Footnote
(vy-ruh-SYD-uhl)
77
What is a virus?
A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms. A virus is capable of replication only through taking over the host cell's reproductive function.
## Footnote
(VYrus)
78
What is indirect transmission?
Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface.
79
What is infection?
The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens.
80
What is infection control?
The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms from one individual to another.
81
What does infectious mean?
Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection.
82
What is an infectious disease?
Disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body; an infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another person.
83
What is inflammation?
A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection, characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling.
84
What is a local infection?
An infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus.
85
What is methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?
Abbreviated MRSA; a type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics.
86
What is a microorganism?
Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.
87
What is mildew?
A type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the barbershop.
88
What does multiuse mean?
Also known as reusable; items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid.
89
What is mycobacterium?
A large family of bacteria that is often found in soil and water.
90
What is nonpathogenic?
Harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm.
91
What is nonporous?
An item that is made of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids.
92
What is an occupational disease?
Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated overexposure to certain products or ingredients.
93
What are parasites?
Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or inside another organism (referred to as the host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites must have a host to survive.
94
What is a parasitic disease?
Disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites.
95
What does pathogenic mean?
Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body.
