Foundations of Education Exam 1 - educational philosophies/educators Flashcards
Born in Republic of Geneva (Switzerland) this philosopher is best known for his book, Emile (eng: On Education). He emphasized the importance of natural development and child-centered learning, suggesting education should follow the child’s natural curiosity and interests.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Which educational philosophy advocates the need to train students for a wider variety of skills and jobs required in post industrial age society?
Progressivism
John Locke is best known for using the Latin term _____ to describe the belief that a child’s mind is a blank slate at birth and knowledge is determined by a child’s experiences.
tabla rasa
What is the primary educational goal of perennialism?
Acquire basic knowledge and intellect that form the foundation of a civilized society
Born into slavery and later freed, this influential educator knew firsthand the difference an education can make in a person’s life. As a young man, he was appointed to head the Tuskegee Institute, now called Tuskegee University, which was initially a teacher’s training college for African Americans. He believed education was the African-American community’s best chance for social equality and a better future.
Booker T. Washington
Which philosophy advocates that students should master a set body of information for their grade level before they are promoted to the next higher grade?
Essentialism
Perrenialism
Acquire basic knowledge and intellect that forms the foundation of a civilized society
Existentialism
Development of the whole individual, including their values, beliefs, and personal experiences.
Progressivism
Develop problem-solving, decision-making, and other life skills.
Essentialism
Acquire the basic skills needed to function in today’s world
Social Reconstructionism
Focuses on social reform and creating a better world through education
His years of experience as the President of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) led him to advocate for a new kind of public school, charter schools. Publicly funded but independently managed, these schools would be given a charter to try fresh approaches for a set period, to be renewed only if they succeeded. He later turned against the charter school idea when he realized that for-profit organizations saw it as a business opportunity to advance school privatization.
Albert Shanker
What is the learning environment in progressivism?
Safe for risk-taking; Interesting; Stimulating; Democratic principles
What is the learning environment for social reconstructionism?
Democratic approach; Community building; Choices
What is the learning environment for existentialism?
Self-discovery; Democratic approaches; Negotiation of rules
What is the learning environment for Perrenialism?
Teacher control; Traditional discipline
What is the learning environment for essentialism?
Rules paramount; Serious; Teacher controlled
Which philosophy advocates that students should learn by doing in order to develop problem-solving, decision-making, and other life skills?
Progressivism
You might have watched a video or taken a course on his free online non-profit educational platform. He has produced over 6,500 video lessons teaching a broad spectrum of academic subjects, initially focusing on mathematics and science. His digital platform is the world’s largest, containing lectures and personalized learning exercises.
Salman Kahn
This influential educator believed learning was more than just of function of the brain (head). He also believed a student must educate the body (hand) and heart.
Johann Pestalozzi
Dr. Johnson’s favorite educator. You could say he is responsible for ‘little’ learners, recess, and toy stores
Friedrich Frobel
The following quotation from William Bagley best represents which educational philosophy?
“(we) hope that when students leave school, they will possess not only basic skills and an extensive body of knowledge, but also disciplined, practical minds, capable of applying schoolhouse lessons in the real world.
Essentialism
Which philosophy advocates that students should be “change agents,” exploring issues of inequality in society in order to figure out ways to address them.
Social Reconstructionism
This classroom is holding a Socratic Seminar, a key teaching strategy in which educational philosopy?
Perrenialism
Which philosophies involve direct instruction?
Essentialism and Perrenialism
Which philosophies involve Project/problem based learning?
Social reconstructionism, Existentialism, Progressivism
Considered as the founder of the ‘special education’ movement, she believed that children with developmental delay problems need a different approach to education
Margaret Bancroft
Match the educator with their ‘claim to fame.
-Arguably the most influential educational thinker of the twentieth century. Learning by doing
John Dewey
Claim to fame:
Pioneered the concept of the kindergarten system
Friedrich Forbel
Claim to fame:
Created a series of books for elementary school students. It was published in over 120 million copies and used in American schools until the 20th century.
William Holmes Mcguffey
Claim to fame:
An English Social Darwinist who believed that individuals of greater intellect and skill will slowly but surely replace their inferior counterparts. Was against public schools and instead believed that private schools should compete for the brightest students.
Herbert Spencer
Claim to fame:
A British philosopher credited with significantly influencing the foundational philosophy of the US. Articulated of the relationship between a well-educated populace and self-governance and the concept of the mind being a tabula rasa, a blank slate at birth that is impacted by its surroundings.
John Locke
You can thank this man for popularizing the idea of standardized curriculum and standardized tests. He developed a series of books for grades K-6 with titles like, What every 2nd Grader Should Know. While He was not directly involved in the Common Core State Standards, some credit him for providing the “intellectual foundation” for the initiative.
E.D. Hirst
In which philosophies is the role of a teacher a dispenser of knowledge?
Perrenialsim, essentialism
In which philosophies is the role of the teacher a facilitator or guide?
Existentialism, social reconstructionism, progressivism
Match the philosophy to the role of the teacher:
Facilitator; Guides learning; Instills a sense of responsibility for humanity
Social Reconstructionism
Match the philosophy to the role of the teacher:
Facilitator; Coach; Encourager
Progressivism
Match the philosophy to the role of the teacher:
Intellectual & moral role model; Dispenser of knowledge
Essentialism
Match the philosophy to the role of the teacher:
Facilitator; Promotes individual learning; Help students find meaning in their lives
Existentialism
Match the philosophy to the role of the teacher:
Dispenser of knowledge; Leads discussions of classics
Perrenialism
This influential educator believed that the best way to change society was to shift people’s thinking from callousness to compassion. He advocated for education of the masses and is considered the 1st professional teacher in his country
Confucius
What is the primary educational goal of social existentialism?
Development of the whole individual, including their values, beliefs, and personal experiences
This influential educator’s most famous book is Pedagogy of the Oppressed. As the unofficial father of social reconstructivism, he believed that education should be a vehicle for people to assess their conditions and those responsible for it. Education should include questions about the search for identity, equality, and justice.
paulo friere
Claim to fame:
An American politician and education reformer who is responsible for the creation of the American public school systems. Believed that free education could help produce better citizens
Horace Mann
Claim to fame:
Considered one of the most important pioneers of modern-day education, and a forerunner to many philosophers and educational theorists. Designed the currently followed schooling structure, formulated a generalized education theory, and outlined several essential tenets of child education.
John Amos Comenius
Claim to fame:
Believed that children learn best when allowed to follow their interests rather than having learning imposed upon them. Had a profound impact on the growth of the homeschooling sector.
John Holt
This influential educator is considered by some to be the “Father of Modern Education” because he introduced a number of educational concepts, including pictorial textbooks written in native languages instead of Latin, teaching based in gradual development from simple to more comprehensive concepts, and equal opportunity for impoverished children.
John Amos Comenius
Claim to fame:
Strived to abolish discrimination and unfair treatment of people based on caste and gender
Savitribai Phule
Claim to fame:
American educator, stateswoman, and civil rights activist. Educational philosophy emphasized the importance of education for African American girls as a pathway to improving racial equality in the US
Mary Bethune
Claim to fame:
Correct match:
Believed that education should be a vehicle for people to assess their conditions and those responsible for it. Education was supposed to include questions about the search for identity, equality, and justice
Paulo Friere
