Foundations of Assessment Flashcards
Define Assessment
“The process of collecting valid and reliable information, integrating it, and interpreting it to make a judgment or decision about something.”
A good assessment is…
thorough uses a variety of assessment modalities valid reliable tailored to individual client
What are the 7 steps to completing an assessment?
- obtain historical information
- interview
- oral-peripheral exam
- sample/evaluate speech, language and or swallowing abilities
- screen hearing
- evaluate assessment information
- share clinical findings
What are the psychometric principles?
Validity: measures what it claims to measure
Reliability: results are replicable
Standardization: Formal tests
What is involved in a Dynamic/Authentic assessment?
realistic environment
functional
ongoing, giving them a challenge
observations, real life stim, symbolic play
What is the most commonly used assessment tool?
Norm-referenced tests
What are the three points on a Bell Curve?
Mean: determines peak
Median: middle score
Mode: most frequent score
What is a Standard Deviation?
Distribution away from group average
68% will fall within 1 SD
95% will fall within 2 SD
99% will fall within 3 SD
What is a Z Score?
Standard Score
- eligibility in school district
- diagnosis also becomes important
What is Stanine?
Standard Nine
- not largely used for eligibility
- all come from norm-referenced, standardized assessments
- very objective, widely used
- common ground, user friendly
What is a Criterion-Referenced test?
How does client perform compared to the expected level? (predefined criterion)
-may or may not be standardized
Used primarily for Neurological disorders, fluency, voice and some aspects of artic/language
Ethics!
- select appropriate tests
- follow all guidelines
- shred identifying paperwork when it’s time to toss them
ASHA Code of Ethics- hold near and dear, client first always
