Foundations II Flashcards

1
Q

Pain is also called

A

Nociception

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2
Q

Which fibers transport pain

A

A (fast) and C (slow)

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3
Q

Where is the main location that pain is modulated

A

Dorsal horn

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4
Q

What is term for things that used to hurt now hurt more

A

Hyperalgesia

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5
Q

What is term for things that did not use to hurt now do hurt

A

Allodynia

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6
Q

When does brain decide if there is pain or not

A

When the threat of danger is greater than safety

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7
Q

DIMS vs SIMS

A

Danger in me neuroses vs safety in me neurotags

Higher dims = higher pain

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8
Q

Cortisol
Aka
Seen in what type of injuries
Reduces what
Increased cortisol also increase

A

Hydrocortisone
Longer lasting injuries
Inflammation
Cytokines which leads to increased sensitivity

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9
Q

What is the gateway between the inside and outside of a nerve

A

Ion channels

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10
Q

Ion channels are found in areas where there is more or less myelin

A

Less

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11
Q

Myelin stripping can be caused by what 3 things

A

Chemical
Immune
Mechanical

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12
Q

What is the hallmark or chronic pain

A

Central sensitization

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13
Q

Peripheral vs central sensitization

A

Central causes permanent changes in CNS

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14
Q

What decides if there is pain or not 100% of the time

A

The brain

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15
Q

Central sensitization is characteristic of what 4 disorders

A

Chronic whiplash
Fibro
IB
Chronic fatigue syndrome

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16
Q

Subacute categories for central sensitization

A

CLBP
Subacute whiplash
TMJ
RA
Chronic HAs
OA

17
Q

What is normal pain pressure threshold

A

4kg/cm2

18
Q

B/L loss of elbow extension great than how Many degrees is indication of central sensitization

A

30

19
Q

What are the 3 stages of graded motor imagery?

A
  1. Implicit motor imagery
  2. Explicit motor imagery
  3. Motor therapy
20
Q

Joint mobilizations

A

1: small amp at beginning of range
2: large amp within range
3: large amp up to limit of range
4: small amp at end of range
5: manip, high velocity thrust at end range

21
Q

Type 1 and 2 mechanoreceptors are activated by what joint mobs

A

I and II

22
Q

Type 3 mechanoreceptors activated by what grade mob

A

Manipulation or strong stretch