Foundations Final Flashcards
1
Q
Speech
A
- The verbal means by which humans communicate and convey meaning
- Speech is the result of planning and executing specific motor movements that require precise neuromuscular coordination
2
Q
Communication
A
- The process of exchanging information and ideas
- An active process involves encoding, transmitting, and decoding messages
3
Q
Language
A
- A complex and dynamic system of conventional symbols that is used in various modes for thought and communication
- Influenced by its environment, social, and cultural
4
Q
Five Components of Language
A
- Form
- morphology
- phonology
- syntax
- Content
- semantics
- Use
- pragmatics
5
Q
Expressive Language
A
- The act of producing language and expressing our ideas
- Labeling objects/images
6
Q
Receptive Language
A
- The act of thinking through an idea and/or understanding what others tell us
- Understanding what is being asked of us
7
Q
Stages of Speech Development
A
- Cooing, Gooing
- Babbling
- Reduplicated Babbling
- Jargon
- Echolalia
8
Q
Generative/Nativists Approach
A
- Noam Chomsky: children are both with innate syntactic rules or principles that help shape the structures of human languages
- Roger Brown: Children abstract information based on meaning-based units to help shape what they produce
9
Q
Interactionalist Approach
A
- Jerome Bruner: Children learn language from interactions with their environment
- Focus on language use
- Child uses language input to attempt output and notices regularities (rules)
10
Q
Behavioral Learning Theory
A
- B.F. Skinner: Caregivers model language, in turn the child imitates that model, and is reinforced by the parents for correct imitation
11
Q
Cognitivist Learning Theory
A
- Jean Piaget: Learning occurs as the learner adjusts his or her mental model to adapt new experiences
12
Q
Social Constructivist Learning Theory
A
- Lee Vygotsky: Knowledge is constructed within social context through interactions with a knowledgeable individual(s)
13
Q
Joint Reference
A
- When the child and the caregiver are engaged with the same object
14
Q
Joint Action
A
- When the child and caregiver are engaged in an activity together
- peek a boo
- routines
15
Q
Maternal Adaptations When Communicating With Infants
A
- Infant directed speech
- Exaggerated facial expressions
- Proxemics
- Eye gaze
