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OLD - 1B-Foundations Combined > Foundations - Combined > Flashcards

Foundations - Combined Flashcards

1
Q

quantitative observations

A

has numbers

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2
Q

King

A

kilo (x 10e3) ( k)

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3
Q

The lightbulb is an example of ____.

A

technology

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4
Q

The prefix kilo- means ____.

A

1,000

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5
Q

What punctuation mark can NEVER follow a hypothesis?

A

A question mark

(A hypothesis is a statement, it is never a question)

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6
Q

Rule for determining how many significant figures to keep when multiplying one or more numbers?

A
  1. Count the significant figures in all the numbers you are multiplying.
  2. Find the one with the least number of sig figs.
  3. Keep this many sig figs in your final answer.
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7
Q

You use your brain for

A

Inferences

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8
Q

Hypothesis

A

An educated and careful guess

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9
Q

worldwide system of measurement

A

SI

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10
Q

The best type of graph to use to show how some fixed quantity is broken down into parts is_____.

A

circle graph (pie chart)

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11
Q

On a multiple choice test, the response “all of the above” means….

A

It means you better read each and every one of the other responses!

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12
Q

SI

A

worldwide system of measurement (Systeme International d’unites)

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13
Q

If you use your brain, then it is an (obseration/inference)

A

inference

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14
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

It is always a statement.

A

Hypothesis

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15
Q

An explanation of an event that is based on repeated observations and experiments is a ____.

A

theory

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16
Q

milli-

A

SI prefix meaning 0.001

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17
Q

qualitative observation

A

has no numbers

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18
Q

kelvin

A

SI unit of temperature

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19
Q

meter

A

SI unit of length

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20
Q

A standard for comparison that helps to ensure that the experimental result is caused by the condition being tested

A

A Control

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21
Q

SI unit of length

A

meter

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22
Q

Milk

A

milli (x 10e-3) (m)

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23
Q

explanation of a group of related events that is based on extensive observation and experimentation

A

scientific theory

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24
Q

prefix milli-

A

0.001

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25
Q

If the number has a

decimal point….

What is the rule for determining the

place value of the uncertain digit?

A

It is the last digit on the right.

  1. 0
  2. 25
  3. 6500
  4. 345 x 103
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26
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

It is always a statement.

A

Hypothesis

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27
Q

A cubic centimeter is also known as either a cc or a ___________.

A

milliliter

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28
Q

.0080

Which digit above is the uncertain digit?

A

.0080

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29
Q

plotted on the vertical or y-axis

A

dependent variable

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30
Q

How many significant figures would you keep in your answer to the following problem?

22,300 ÷ 2.004 =

A

3

(22,300 has only 3 sig figs)

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31
Q

The amount of material in an object

A

mass

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32
Q

dependent variable is usually plotted on the

A

vertical or y-axis

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33
Q

True or False.

The “Null Hypothesis” predicts that changes in the independent variable will affect the dependent variable.

A

False

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34
Q

Why is it so important for industrial countries to have a standard of measurement?

A

Measurements can be compared to each other.

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35
Q

Rule for determining how many sig figs to keep when adding numbers.

A
  1. Find the uncertain digit in each of the numbers. (It is usually the one on the right, but zeros can be tricky)
  2. Examine the place value of each of the uncertain digits you found in step one.
  3. Which place value is the largest?
  4. Round your final answer to this same place value.
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36
Q

SI prefix meaning 0.01

A

centi-

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37
Q

Must be in the form of a statement.

A

A hypothesis

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38
Q

In order to make observations, you must always use…

A

One of your five senses.

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39
Q

You are multiplying the following numbers.

204.1

300

_ x 200.07_

12,250,286.1

How many significant figures should show in your answer?

A

One significant figure

10,000,000

The number 300 has only one significant figure, so your answer will be limited to one significant figure.

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40
Q

You are multiplying the following numbers:

  1. 3
  2. 077

x 400.00

840.84

How many significant figures should show in your answer?

A

Two significant figures.

840

The number 0.077 has only two significant figures, so the answer should be limited to two significant figures.

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41
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

It has many, many parts

A

Theory

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42
Q

Why do we typically avoid putting “breaks” in the axes of graphs?

A

It distorts the appearance of the data.

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43
Q

The SI unit that is used to measure time is the ____.

A

second

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44
Q

Why do we draw lines between ponts on a line graph?

A

To represent the expected values of the unmeasured data between the measured points.

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45
Q

“I have a theory about that”

A

Statement by someone who does not understand the difference between a theory and a hypothesis

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46
Q

To what decimal place would you round the answer to?

63.313
-12.1
51.131

A

To the tenths place.

51.1

This is a subtraction problem, and 12.1 is accurate only to the tenths place, so you can’t go any farther than the tenths place in your answer.

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47
Q

Correct symbol for the SI unit of temperature

A

K (kelvin)

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48
Q

SI prefix meaning 0.001

A

milli-

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49
Q

SI unit of mass

A

kilogram

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50
Q

Temperature of absolute zero in Fahrenheit

A

negative 459.4 (don’t memorize this, just know that it is really, really cold)

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51
Q

You are doing an experiment to see if ducks fly faster when listening to music with special “duck” headphones.

You equip 300 ducks with these special headphones and measure their flight speed to be 43mph.

You then conclude that ducks do fly faster with headphones.

What is missing?

A

A control

You would need “A Control” as a basis for comparison. In other words, you would need to measure the flight speed of a group of ducks without headphones. Then you could compare.

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52
Q

2000

Which digit above is the uncertain digit?

A

2000

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53
Q

The prefix milli- means ____.

A

0.001

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54
Q

Why is the unit for speed, m/s, a derived unit?

A

It is a mathematical combination of two or more units. (meters divided by seconds)

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55
Q

Sometimes an experiment has a whole set of hypotheses. The hypothesis that says that changing the independent varialbe will have no effect on the dependent variable is called what?

A

The Null Hypothesis

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56
Q

A factor that does NOT change in an experiment

A

A constant (aka “controlled variable”)

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57
Q

A factor that does NOT change in an experiment is the ____.

A

constant

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58
Q

In an experiment to determine whether the popping of popcorn is affected by the temperature at which it is stored, counting the popped kernels is an example of a(n) ____.

A

quantitative observation

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59
Q

To what decimal place would you round the answer to?

0.0620
-0.0110
0.0510

A

To the ten thousandths place.

0.0510

This is a subtraction problem, and both numbers are accurate to the ten thousandths place, so you should write the answer out the the ten thousandths place.

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60
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

It must be testable

A

Hypothesis

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61
Q

By

A

______(x 10e0) (no prefix because this is the base unit like grams, meters, liters, etc)

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62
Q

mass per unit volume

A

density

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63
Q

True value

A

The result you would get if you could actually make a perfect measurement. (Too bad you can never do that. It is impossible)

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64
Q

Temperature of absolute zero in Celsius

A

negative 273 degrees celsius

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65
Q

If you use your senses, then it is an (observation/inference)

A

observation

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66
Q

When do we put “breaks” in the axes of graphs?

A

When we are willing to live with the distorted appearance of the data so that we can zoom in on a specific region of the data.

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67
Q

If you multiply 27.3 x 32, your answer will have how many significant figures?

A

2

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68
Q

Graphs are visual representations of data that help scientists to detect _________ in the data.

A

patterns

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69
Q

SI unit of temperature

A

kelvin

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70
Q

kilo-

A

SI prefix meaning 1,000

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71
Q

Define a “standard” as it is used in the term standard measurement.

A

An exact quantity that people agree to use for comparison

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72
Q

How many significant figures would you keep in your answer to the following problem?

96.3 x 13,310 =

A

3

(96.3 has only 3 sig figs)

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73
Q

Any SI unit can be converted to any other SI unit by multiplying by the appropriate ___________ _____________.

A

conversion factor

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74
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

It is a description

A

Scientific Law

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75
Q

A factor that is manipulated in an experiment to change the dependent variable

A

independent varialble (aka manipulated variable)

76
Q

measurement standard

A

exact quantity people agree to use for comparison

77
Q

.008

Which digit above is the uncertain digit?

A

.008

78
Q

m

A

The greek letter “mu” (pronounced “mew” like a cat might say)

79
Q

Mix

A

micro (x 10e-6) (_)

80
Q

Henry

A

hecto (x 10e2) (h)

81
Q

To what decimal place would you round the answer to?

16.85

+3312

3328.85

A

The ones place.

3329

This is an addition problem, and 3312 is accurate only to the ones place, so you have to round your answer to the ones place.

82
Q

Representation of an idea, event, or object that can help people better understand it.

A

Model

83
Q

A factor that is manipulated in an experiment to change the dependent variable is the ____.

A

independent variable

84
Q

If a number has a

zero with a line over it…

Where is the uncertain digit?

(This is an important exception to some other rules you might see on these flash cards.

A

The zero with the line over it is the uncertain digit.

85
Q

kilogram

A

SI unit of mass

86
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

When a part of it is refuted by an experiment, that part is changed to make that one part better.

A

Theory

87
Q

variable usually plotted on the horizontal or x-axis

A

independent varialble (aka manipulated variable)

88
Q

Accuracy

A

How close a measurement is to the true value or even the accepted value.

89
Q

First step in designing an experiment

A

State the problem

90
Q

Studying the effect of one thing on another in order to test a hypothesis is a(n) ____.

A

experiment

91
Q

“aka” means

A

also known as

92
Q

Why is a cubic centimeter a derived unit?

A

It_s a mathematical combination of two or more units. (cm x cm x cm)

93
Q

derived unit of volume

A

cubic centimeter

94
Q

Abbreviation for the International System of Units

A

SI

95
Q

Rule for determining the number of sig figs to keep when you are dividing numbers.

A
  1. Count the significant figures in all the numbers you are dividing.
  2. Find the one with the least number of sig figs.
  3. Keep this many sig figs in your final answer.
96
Q

SI unit of time

A

second

97
Q

nano

A

SI prefix meaning one billionth of (x 10e-9)

98
Q

factor in an experiment that changes from the manipulation of the independent variable

A

dependent variable

99
Q

micro

A

SI prefix meaning one millionth of (x 10e-6)

100
Q

(Laws/Theories) are small (can be fully described in a few sentences or a mathematical formula

A

Laws

101
Q

Another term for technology is ____.

A

applied science

102
Q

How many significant figures would you keep in your answer to the following problem?

47.3 x 83,312 =

A

3

103
Q

Amount of space occupied by an object

A

volume

104
Q

“IM DR” is a mnemonic device to help remember

A

(Independent variable = Manipulated variable) and (Dependent variable = Responding Variable)

105
Q

Nuggets

A

(x 10e-9)

106
Q

Why are the points on a bar graph not connected?

A

There is no data between points that could be graphed.

107
Q

Precision

A

How closely measurements are too each other.

108
Q

The correct symbol for the SI unit of temperature is ____.

A

K

109
Q

Why don’t we draw lines between bars on a bar graph?

A

There is no data between the bars on a bar graph.

110
Q

SI prefix meaning 1,000

A

kilo-

111
Q

A beaker contains 0.32 L of water. What is the volume of this water in milliliters?

A

320 mL

112
Q

To what decimal place would you round the answer to?

6.03
+12.002
18.032

A

To the hundredths place.

18.03

This is an addition problem, and 6.03 is accurate only to the hundredths place, so you can’t go any farther than the hundredths place in your answer.

113
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

It is BIG

A

Theory

114
Q

Scientific Method

A

An organized set of investigation procedures.

115
Q

What is the definition of a derived unit?

A

A mathematical combination of two or more units.

116
Q

(Laws/Theories) are big usually developed by many scientists working over years or decades.

A

Laws.

117
Q

Temperature of absolute zero in kelvin

A

0 degrees Kelvin

118
Q

Hanging Indent

A

A formatting style Mr. Bixel likes us to use on our labs.

119
Q

670.45

Which digit above is the uncertain digit?

A

670.45

120
Q

A factor in an experiment that changes from the manipulation of the independent variable is the_____.

A

dependent variable

121
Q

How many significant figures would you keep in your answer to the following problem?

0.331 x 0.2473 =

A

3

(0.331 has the least number of sig figs in this multiplication problem)

122
Q

Explain how the lack of a control in an experiment impacts the experiment.

A

Without a control, there is no basis for comparison.

123
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

It is “small.”

A

Scientific Law

124
Q

On a test or quiz, what does “All of these” mean?

A

It means that only a silly person would pick an answer without reading ALL of the answers.

125
Q

centi-

A

SI prefix meaning 0.01

126
Q

The Null Hypothesis predicts what relationship between the independent and dependent variables?

A

No relationship at all.

(Changine the independent variable has not effect on the dependent variable.)

127
Q

Arrange in order from smallest to largest. (cm, km, m, mm, nm

A

nm, mm, cm, m, km

128
Q

When designing an experiment, the first step is to ____.

A

state the problem

129
Q

mass

A

amount of material in an object

130
Q

independent variable is aka

A

manipulated variable (IM DR)

131
Q

SI system is based upon multiples of

A

10

132
Q

graph type used to show some fixed quantity broken down into parts

A

circle graph (pie chart)

133
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

A single experiment cannot ever prove it correct, but it can support it.

A

Hypothesis

134
Q

cubic centimeter

A

derived unit of volume

(its a cube with 1 cm sides)

135
Q

To what decimal place would you round the answer to?

6.03
+12.002
18.032

A

To the hundredths place.

18.03

This is an addition problem, and 6.03 is accurate only to the hundredths place, so you can’t go any farther than the hundredths place in your answer.

136
Q

An idea, event, or object can be represented by a ____ to help people better understand it.

A

model

137
Q

Studying the effect of one thing on another in order to test a hypothesis is a(n) ____.

A

experiment

138
Q

Observation or Inference?

“The sky looks blue today”

A

Observation

(You used one of your five senses)

139
Q

“I have a hypothesis about that”

A

Statement by someone who does understand the difference between a theory and a hypothesis

140
Q

Which digit above is the uncertain digit?

A

d

141
Q

Mr.

A

mega (x 10e6) (M)

142
Q

rule or principle that describes what happens in nature

A

scientific law

143
Q

How many significant figures would you keep in your answer to the following problem?

17 ÷ 3,312 =

A

2

(17 has only 2 sig figs)

144
Q

The process of gathering information through the senses is called ____.

A

observation

145
Q

prefix kilo-

A

1,000

146
Q

Applied science is also known as

A

Technology

147
Q

How many significant figures would you keep in your answer to the following problem?

0.445 ÷ 0.02 =

A

1

(0.02 has only one sig fig)

148
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

It develops over time, as different scientists work on the different parts

A

Theory

149
Q

How many meters are there in 1,865 cm?

A

18.65

150
Q

A standard for comparison that helps to ensure that the experimental result is caused by the condition being tested is the ____.

A

control

151
Q

A variable that is held constant on purpose is a __________ variable

A

controlled

152
Q

Can a diagram be used as a model?

A

Yes, a model is used to help people better understand an idea, event, or object. A diagram serves in this function.

153
Q

SI symbol for deciliter

A

dL

154
Q

If the number has

NO decimal point.

What is the rule for determining the

place value of the uncertain digit?

A

The uncertain digit is the

LAST NON-ZERO DIGIT

ON THE RIGHT.

3500

67,000

13

(Except for when there is a line over a zero)

155
Q

Evolution, Atomic Structure, Big Bang, Relativity

A

Well known scientific THEORIES.

156
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

Many scientists are working on the many different parts.

A

Theory

157
Q

Rule for determining the number of significant figures when subtracting numbers.

A
  1. Find the uncertain digit in each of the numbers. (It is usually the one on the right, but zeros can be tricky)
  2. Examine the place value of each of the uncertain digits you found in step one.
  3. Which place value is the largest?
  4. Round your final answer to this same place value.
158
Q

The “Null Hypothesis”

A

The hypothesis that their is no significant relationship between the independent and dependent variable.

159
Q

A box is 25 cm long, 6 cm wide, and 4 cm high. How many cubic centimeters of water can it hold?

A

600

160
Q

The application of scientific knowledge to help people is ____.

A

technology

161
Q

930,020

Which digit above is the uncertain digit?

A

930,020

162
Q

Another name for the independent variable is the ______________

A

manipulated variable

163
Q

SI unit that is used to measure time

A

second

164
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

It can be disproved with a single experiment

A

Hypothesis

165
Q

Mega

A

SI prefix meaning one million of (x 10e6)

166
Q

In a graph showing temperature change of a material over time, temperature change is the ____.

A

dependent variable

167
Q

A rule or principle that describes what happens in nature is a ____.

A

scientific law

168
Q

Mnemonic device for remembering SI prefixes

A

Mr. King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk Mix Nuggets

169
Q

Scientific experiments investigate the effect of one ___________ on another.

A

variable

170
Q

How many significant figures would you keep in your answer to the following problem?

12.34 ÷ 0.030 =

A

2

(0.030 has only 2 sig figs)

171
Q

dependent variable is aka

A

responding variable (IM DR)

172
Q

Drinking

A

deci (x 10e-1) (d)

173
Q

second

A

SI unit of time

174
Q

Died

A

deka unit (x 10e1) (dk)

175
Q

One benefit of the SI system is that it is ____.

A

based on multiples of ten

176
Q

Process of gathering information with the senses

A

Observation

177
Q

Chocolate

A

centi (x 10e-2) (c )

178
Q

To what decimal place would you round the answer to?

100.88
-6.2
94.68

A

To the tenths place.

94.7

This is a subtraction problem, and 6.2 is accurate only to the tenths place, so you can’t go any farther than the tenths place in your answer.

179
Q

You use your senses for

A

Observations

180
Q

How many significant figures would you keep in your answer to the following problem?

147.3 x 83,000 =

A

2

(83,000 has only two sig figs)

181
Q

SI symbol for dekameter

A

dam

182
Q

“also known as” is often abbreiviated as:

A

aka

183
Q

Law, Theory, Scientific Fact, or Hypothesis?

Parts of it are often refuted by experiments.

A

Theory

184
Q

A measurement standard is defined as ____.

A

the exact quantity people agree to use for comparison

185
Q

Which one below means the same as a constant?

A Control

A Controlled Variable

A

A Controlled Variable.

A controlled variable is one of the possible variables in an experiment that you keep the same on purpose.

OLD - 1B-Foundations Combined (1 decks)

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