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Essential Oils > Foundations and Science > Flashcards

Foundations and Science Flashcards

1
Q

What term refers to the defense mechanism and communication system of plants?

Select one:

a. Primary metabolites
b. Secondary metabolites
c. Terpenes
d. Phenylpropanoids

A

b. Secondary metabolites

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2
Q

What constituent is the main one found in essential oils?

Select one:

a. Primary metabolites
b. Secondary metabolites
c. Terpenes
d. Phenylpropanoids

A

c. Terpenes

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3
Q

Who published key studies on the spasmolytic and sedative qualities of essential oils?

Select one:

a. Hildebert Wagner
b. Karl Blossfeldt
c. Ernst Haeckel
d. Paul Belaiche

A

a. Hildebert Wagner

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4
Q

Who determined the activity of over forty essential oils?

Select one:

a. Hildebert Wagner
b. Karl Blossfeldt
c. Ernst Haeckel
d. Paul Belaiche

A

d. Paul Belaiche

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5
Q

Lipophilic refers to what?

Select one:

a. Water soluble
b. Nonpolar
c. Polar
d. Amino acid synthesis in plants

A

b. Nonpolar

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6
Q

Who is considered to be the first physician in the Western Hemisphere to write medical texts?

Select one:

a. Hildegard von Bingen
b. Aristotle
c. Hippocrates
d. Hildebert Wagner

A

a. Hildegard von Bingen

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7
Q

German chamomile EO is a highly effective what?

Select one:

a. Antiviral
b. Antibacterial
c. Antifungal
d. Anti-inflammatory

A

d. Anti-inflammatory

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8
Q

Which essential oil has received wide distribution as a nail fungus remedy and is added to shampoo?

Select one:

a. German chamomile
b. Tea Tree oil
c. Monarda fistulosa
d. a. Rosa centifolia

A

b. Tea Tree oil

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9
Q

Cells are made of what percentage of water?

Select one:

a. 25%
b. 40-50%
c. 75%
d. 80-85%

A

d. 80-85%

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10
Q

Only _____ amino acids build 10,000 different proteins in the body.

Select one:

a. 10
b. 15
c. 20
d. 25

A

c. 20

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11
Q 
EOs work on cancer cells by inhibiting what enzyme?
Select one:
a. HMG CoA reductase 
b. NF-kappa beta
c. CYP 450
d. Cytosol
A

a. HMG CoA reductase

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12
Q

What group of enzymes are associated with liver detoxification?

Select one:

a. HMG CoA reductase
b. NF-kappa beta
c. CYP 450
d. Cytosol

A

c. CYP 450

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13
Q

What is the main active ingredient of lemongrass?

Select one:

a. Coumarone
b. Citral
c. Menthol
d. Linalool

A

b. Citral

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14
Q 
What is the theory that living organisms are governed by different principles than nonliving entities?
Select one:
a. Physicalism
b. Vitalism 
c. Organicism
d. Biological phenomena
A

b. Vitalism

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15
Q

The main component of what herb is methyl chavicol?

Select one:

a. Lavendar
b. Basil
c. Spruce tree
d. Jasmine

A

b. Basil

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16
Q

What other plant also is composed of methyl chavicol?

Select one:

a. Lavendar
b. Tea Tree
c. Rose
d. Tarragon

A

d. Tarragon

17
Q

Secondary metabolites are what for a plant?

Select one:

a. Not necessary for immediate survival
b. Metabolic processes
c. Plant propagation
d. Immune system

A

a. Not necessary for immediate survival

18
Q 
EOs are what part of the plant?
Select one:
a. Secondary metabolites 
b. Metabolic processes
c. Plant propagation
d. Immune system
A

a. Secondary metabolites

19
Q 
What part of the cell pacakages secreted proteins for use?
Select one:
a. Nucleus
b. Vacuole
c. Golgi apparatus 
d. Plastids
A

c. Golgi apparatus

20
Q 
Secondary metabolites in plants most closely mimic what in the body?
Select one:
a. Nerve receptors
b. Lymph cells
c. Enzymes
d. Neurotransmitter
A

d. Neurotransmitter

21
Q 
What type of protein temporarily binds a ligand in order to create a chemical reaction?
Select one:
a. Nerve receptors 
b. Lymph cells
c. Enzymes
d. Neurotransmitter
A

c. Enzymes

22
Q

According to Schnaubelt, what percentage of prescriptions filled in the US are plant derived?

Select one:

a. 15
b. 25
c. 50
d. 65

A

b. 25

23
Q

Phase I liver detoxification enzymes are called what?

Select one:

a. Lipids
b. Reductase inhibitors
c. Pancreatic secretions
d. Cytochrome P450

A

d. Cytochrome P450

24
Q

_____________ are specific areas of the cell, housing specific physiological processes separated by enclosing biological membranes or biomembranes.

Select one:

a. Organelles
b. Enzymes
c. Plastids
d. Plants

A

a. Organelles

25
Q

What is the connection between animate and inanimate nature; it is the means by which self-sustaining or self-nourishing cell-like structures generate organic molecules from simple inorganic molecules?

Select one:

a. Chlorophyll
b. Photosynthesis
c. Prokaryotes
d. Eukaryotes

A

b. Photosynthesis

Essential Oils (7 decks)

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