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US History > Foundations > Flashcards

Foundations Flashcards

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1
Q

Alexis De Toqueville

A
  • French Aristocrat
  • Diplomat
  • Political Scientist
  • Political Philosopher
  • Historian
  • July 29, 1805 - April 16, 1859
  • Book: Democracy in America
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2
Q

US Constitution

A
  • Constitution - Fundamental laws of principles by which a nation is governed by, usually written doc
  • September 17, 1787
  • “Supreme Law of the Land”
  • James Madison (Father of the Constitution)
  • Included the Virginia Plan (blueprint)
  • “We the people…..”
  • Separation of Powers
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3
Q

Federalism

A
  • Shared powers between state & national govt.
  • Bicameral Legs (2 houses)
  • Dual Citizenship
  • 3 Branches
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4
Q

E Pluribus Unum

A
  • meaning 1 of many
  • chosen for the cont. congress when a single country was created from the 13 colonies
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5
Q

Separation of Powers

A

3 Branches of Govt.
- Leg (makes laws)
- Exec (carries out laws, pres)
- Jud (court system)
- checks and balances regulate this

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6
Q

Checks and Balances

A

A system that allows each branch of govt. to limit the powers of the other branches to prevent abuse of power

Ex:
- Exec can veto
- Legs can override veto
- Jud can use judicial review

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6
Q

Judicial Review

A

The ability of the court to declare a legislative or executive act in violation of the constitution

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7
Q

How a Bill becomes a Law

A
  1. A bill is proposed
  2. Must pass BOTH houses & be signed pr vetoed by the pres. but can be overridden by legs.
    (Idea can come from anyone but only a member of the house or senate can sponsor and guide it)
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8
Q

Declaration of Independence

A
  • July 4 1776
  • Purpose: Declared independence from Great Britain
  • Written by Thomas Jefferson
  • “We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal….”
  • Unalienable Rights
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9
Q

Signers of the Declaration

A
  • John Hancock
  • Charles Carroll
  • John Witherspoon
  • Benjiman Rush

“We mutually pledge to each other our lives, fortunes, and our sacred honor”

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10
Q

Supporters of the Declaration

A
  • John Jay
  • Johnathan Trumbull
  • John Peter Muhlenburg
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11
Q

John Locke

A
  • Created idea for unalienable rights (life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness)
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12
Q

Capitalism

A

An economic system in which private individuals or businesses own capital goods

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13
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A
  • Only by the consent of the people
  • The govts. authority comes from the people
  • “WE the people”
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14
Q

Bicameral/Bicameralism

A
  • The principle of a two-house legislature
    (the House of Rep and the Senate)
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15
Q

“In God We Trust”

A
  • was placed on US currency
  • due to the increased religious sentiment during the civil war
  • been used since 1909
  • law passed by 84th congress to make national motto
16
Q

Federalist Papers

A
  • written by : Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay
  • 85 convincing newspaper essays for ratification
  • published under Pseudonym Pubilus
17
Q

Federalists V Anti-federalists

A

Federalists | Anti-federalists
- Alexander Ham. - George Mason
- James Madison - Patrick Henry
- John Jay - Richard Lee
> made federalist > from Virginia
papers did not like that
there was no bill of
rights as a legal
guarantee of
personal liberty

18
Q

Ratify

A
  • to approve by voting
19
Q
A
20
Q

Amendment/Amendment Process

A

Amendment - A change made in a motion, bill, or constitution
Amendment Process:
1. Propose with approval from 2/3 of both houses or state legs
2. Ratified by 3/4 of the states

21
Q

Bill of Rights

A

First 10 amendments of the constitution
1. RAAPS
2. RIght to bear arms
3. Right not to quarter soldiers
4. Freedom from unreasonable search & seizure
5. Due process
6. Right to speedy trial
7. Right to trial by jury
8. No cruel or unusual punishment
9. Peoples rights
10. States rights

22
Q

Laissez-faire

A

A policy of minimum govt. interference in the economic affairs of individuals and society

23
Q

Democracy

A
  • Run by the people
  • Our gov. is elected by the citizens vote

US History (9 decks)

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