Foundations

Question 1

What can cause Hgb numbers to change?

Answer 1

Tournequet on for a long time
Pregnancy
Dehydration
Burns
Turbulent draw

Question 2

What can cause alteration in Hct numbers?

Answer 2

Same as Hgb, plus
Anemia
COPD
Fibrosis

Question 3

What can cause alterations in WBC count?

Answer 3

Elevated in infection
Steroids
Heparin
Epi usage
Anticonvulsants
Chemo

Question 4

What causes low platelets?

Answer 4

Decreased production (poor nutrition, leukemia)
Increased destruction (DIC, HELLP)
Meds (Metheltrexate, Valproic acid)

Question 5

What causes high platelet count?

Answer 5

Infections
Anemia

Question 6

What is INR, it’s normal range, range with anticoagulation and what is it used to measure?

Answer 6

International Ratio - PT done in a standardized way independent of lab differences.
Normal range: 0.8-1.2 seconds
Range with anticoagulants: <3.6 seconds
Used to measure Warfarin

Question 7

What is aPTT, what is the normal range and what is it used to measure?

Answer 7

Activated Partial Prothrombin Time - same as PTT but with an activator to speed up the process resulting in a narrower range
Normal range: 30-40 seconds
Used to measure Heparin

Question 8

What is the normal values of Troponin I and Troponin T?

Answer 8

Troponin I: <0.35 mcg/L (used for cardiac enzyme tests)
Troponin T: <0.1 mcg/L (less cardio-specific)

Question 9

How do you calculate an anion gap?

Answer 9

(Cl- + HCO3-) - Na+ = normal value of 12-14

Question 10

What is the formula for MAP and shock index?

Answer 10

MAP: SBP + (DBP x 2)/3
Shock index: HR/SBP (> 1 = higher mortality)

Question 11

Calculate an epi infusion of 0.5 mg/Kg/min for an 80 Kg pt with the standard concentration of 4mg/250mL

Answer 11

Desired dose x weight x time / dose on hand = ?

0.5mg x 80Kg x 60min / 16mcg/mL = 150 mL/hr

Question 12

What does SBARR stand for?

Answer 12

Situation (brief headline to direct TMP)

Background (update on condition/relevent info)

Assessments (what you’ve done)

Recommendations (whatcha want)

Read back orders/confirm

Question 13

What’s the formula to convert ml/hr to mcg/kg/min?