Foundation tier Flashcards
What is an ion?
Atoms that have lost or gained electrons
Which kind of elements form ionic bonds?
Metals and nonmetals
What charges do ions from groups 1 and 2 form?
+1 and +2
What charges to ions from groups 6 & 7 form?
-2 and -1
Name the force that holds oppositely charged ions together?
Electrostatic force of attraction
Describe the structure of a giant ionic lattice?
Alternating positive and negative ions held together by electrostatic forces of attraction.
Why do ionic substances have high melting and boiling points?
Electrostatic force of attraction is strong and requires lots of energy to overcome.
Why don’t ionic substances conduct electricity when solid?
Ions are fixed in position and are NOT free to move.
When can ionic substances conduct electricity?
When melted or dissolved
Describe the structure of pure metal?
Layers of positive metal ions surrounded by delocalised electrons
Describe the bonding in a pure metal?
Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between positive ions and negative delocalised electrons.
What are four properties of pure metals?
Malleable, High melting/boiling points, good conductors or heat and electricity.
Why are pure metals malleable?
layers of ions can slide over each other
Explain why metals have high melting and boiling points?
Strong electrostatic forces of attraction mean alot of energy is needed to overcome them.
Why are metals good conductors of electricity?
delocalised electrons are free to move through the metal
