foundation

Question 1

use of foundation

Answer 1

transfers the load (dead
load, live load and lateral load) to the ground

Question 2

Purpose of a foundation

Answer 2

• Distribute the load over a larger area (decrease
  the stress on the soil)
• Anchoring the building to the ground
• Increase the stability
• Providing a level surface for building operations

Question 3

Factors to be considered when deciding a foundation

Answer 3

• Soil nature
• Cost and economics
• Community law rules and regulations
• Environmental hazards
• Fail history and failure
• Safety

Question 4

SOIL TYPES and suitable foundation type for each soil?

Answer 4

1. clay soil - not suitable for foundations - deep foundations
2. sand soil - Dry doesn’t hold moisture/Good supporting to foundation - Wide strip foundation
3. Silt soil - Smooth soil/Retain water longer time - mat or raft foundation
4. Loam soil - best soil type

Question 5

The bearing capacity of the soil?

Answer 5

is the maximum average contact
pressure between the foundation and the ground.

Question 6

Ultimate bearing capacity?

Answer 6

is the theoretical maximum pressure which
can be support without any failure

Question 7

TYPES OF BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL

Answer 7

• Ultimate Bearing capacity ( qu)
• Net ultimate Bearing capacity ( qnu)
• Net safe bearing capacity ( qns )

Question 8

How we can improve the bearing
capacity of the soil

Answer 8

• Increasing the depth of the foundation.
• Compacting the soil.
• Replacing the poor soil.
• Draining the soil.
• Using grouting materials.
• Stabilizing the soil with chemicals.

Question 9

The distribution of stresses under footing is considered_______
although it is not the case in reality

Answer 9

linear

Question 10

Types of Shallow Foundations? explain each simply

Answer 10

Isolated Footing - Most widely used
Combined Footing
Strap Footing
Strip Footing
Raft or Mat Foundation - * High cost

Question 11

Deep foundations types

Answer 11

1. Pile foundation
2. Well foundation
3. Caisson foundation

Question 12

Reasons for using Pile foundation

Answer 12

• If the superstructure load is high and non uniform.
• Pile foundation is economic than other proposed foundation
  types.
• If highly compressible soil is present at shallow depth.
• If the structure is located near the river bed or sea shore
• If soil condition is very poor and it is not possible to excavate
  the soil up to the desired depth.