Fossil Fuels Flashcards

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1
Q

Where does most of the enrgy stored on earth origionate?

A

Most energy comes from the Fusion in the core of the sun.

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2
Q

What is a Fuel?

A

Any substance from which energy can be obtained.

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3
Q

Give 3 examples of a Fuel.

A

Coal, Petrolium, Natural Gass, Wood, Garbage, Alcohol, fats, Uranium, etc.

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4
Q

What Are Fossil fuels?

A

Fuels that are formed from fossilized organisms.

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5
Q

What are the three main fossil fuels?

A

Coal, Petrolium (Oil), and natural gass.

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6
Q

Hydrocarbons

A

compounds made of hydrogen and carbon, the main component of fossil fuels and biomass fuels.

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7
Q

What are the properties of a hydrocarbon with lots of carbons?

A

they contain more energy AND have a lower boiling point

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8
Q

What are the properties of a hydrocarbon with lots of branches?

A

It is much harder to burn than a non-branched hydrocarbon.

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9
Q

Formation of coal.

A

Dead plant matter is buirried under many layers of dirt and rock, which compresses it and heat it to remove impurities.

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10
Q

What are the properties of a more pure coal?

A

The purer the coal the less smoke it will produce and the hotter it will burn. This happens because it has less water.

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11
Q

Peat

A

burried plant matter that hasn’t become Coal yet. looks like plant dense soil.

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12
Q

lignite

A

A Soft Brown Coal, very impure

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13
Q

Bituminous Coal

A

a black rock, the most common form of coal

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14
Q

Anthracite Coal

A

the Deepest and purest form of coal

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15
Q

What is the Primary use of coal?

A

Burned to generate electricity in power plants.

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16
Q

What is Petrolium (Oil)?

A

a liquid made of long hydrocarbons.

17
Q

What is Natural gass?

A

a gas made of short hydrocarbons.

18
Q

Name 3 uses of petrolium

A

Gassoline, diesel, jet fuel, lubricants, plastics, asphalt.

19
Q

What is the primary use of Natural Gas?

A

warming home appliances.

20
Q

How is Petrolium formed?

A

Oceanic microorganisms die and are burried. Over time they are chrushed into liquid and get concentrated beneeth layers of rock they cannot pass through.

21
Q

How is Natural Gas formed?

A

Through the same process as petrolium, the gasses often seperate from the oil and form a layer just above it.

22
Q

Oil Spills

A

When a large amount of Petrolium is dumped into the environment, kills lots of wildlife.

23
Q

Formation of Acid Rain

A

Chemicals from burning coal enter clouds and make the rain 100 times more acidic. Destroys buildings and removes nutriants from soil, killing plants.

24
Q

Global warming

A

The rising of global temperatures due to excess amounts of Carbon Dioxide.

25
Q

How can we mitigate the damage caused by fossil fuels?

A

Reduce Use of fossil fuels & find alternative energy sources. We can also filter out harmful contaminants whenever possible.