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Fortified Wine Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the vintage refer to on a bottle of Vintage Marsala?

A

Year of fortification

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2
Q

What are the aging classifications for Marsala?

A 
Fine- One year in cask
Superiore- Two years
Superiore Riserva- Four years
Vergine- Five years
Vergine Stravecchio- Ten years
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3
Q

What colors of Marsala wine are available?

A

Ambra
Oro
Rubino

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4
Q

What are Vinho da Roda/Vinho da Torno/Vinho da Volta in Madeira?

A

Wines that underwent an ocean journey across the Atlantic. Very rare.

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5
Q

What is Frasqueira Madeira?

A

Vintage Madeira (Minimum 85% vintage)
Minimum 20 years in cask
Produced by the Canteiro Method, may spend additional time in glass demijohns

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6
Q

What is Colheita Madeira?

A 
Single Vintage (85% minimum)
Aged minimum 5 years before bottling
May say "Harvest" on the label, but may not say "Vintage"
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7
Q

What do Seleccionado, Reserve, Reserva Especial, and Extra Reserve mean on a bottle of Madeira?

A

Seleccionado- At least 3 years old, less than 5
Reserva- At least 5 years, less than 10
Special Reserve- At least 10 years, less than 15
Extra Reserve- At least 15 years, less than 20

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8
Q

What are the four main grapes of Madeira, in order of dry to sweet?

A

Sercial
Verdelho
Boal
Malmsey

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9
Q

May Tinta Negra be included on labels in Madeira?

A

Yes, as of 2015

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10
Q

What is the second largest company in Madeira?

A

Madeira Wine Company

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11
Q

What is the largest company in Madeira?

A

Vinhos Justino Henriques

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12
Q

What is the capital of Madeira, where most production companies are based?

A

Funchal

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13
Q

What agency regulates harvesting and production methods in Madeira?

A

The Wine, Embroidery and Handicraft Institute of Madeira (IVBAM)

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14
Q

What ages may be used on a Tawny Port label?

A

10, 20, 30, 40

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15
Q

What is the traditional barrel used for aging and shipping a Port wine?

A

Pipe

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16
Q

What IGP includes both Douro DOP and Porto DOP?

A

Duriense IGP

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17
Q

What company pioneered Rose Port

A

Croft

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18
Q

What company created the Garrafeira style of Port, what is it?

A

Niepoort- Following barrel age, the Port spends an additional 8 years in glass demijohns

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19
Q

What is sercial known as on mainland Portugal?

A

Esgana Cao (Dog strangler)

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20
Q

What is the minimum aging time of sherry in a solera before release?

A

Two years (decreased from 3 in 2010)

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21
Q

What type of wind provides the humid air helpful for aging Sherry?

A

Poniente

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22
Q

What is Mitad y Mitad in Sherry production?

A

A mixture of grape spirit and neutral sherry used to fortify the wine

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23
Q

What are the two classifications of wine post fermentation in Sherry? What do they signify?

A

Palo- Destined to become Fino or Manzanilla

Gordura- Will become Oloroso

24
Q

What is the traditional vine training method in Jerez?

A

Vara y pulgar

25
Q

What is the soleo process in Sherry production?

A

A period of one to three weeks in which whole grape bunches are dried on esparto grass mats prior to pressing. (Mainly for PX and Moscatel)

26
Q

What is the largest vineyard (Pago) in Jerez?

A

Macharnudo

27
Q

What are the three soil types in the Jerez region?

A

Albariza
Barros
Arenas

28
Q

What hot, dry wind intensifies the heat in Sherry?

A

Levante

29
Q

What three towns form the Sherry Triangle?

A

Jerez de la Frontera
Sanlucar de Barrameda
Puerto de Santa Maria

30
Q

What is used to fortify Port?

A

Aguardente- 77% Neutral grape spirit

31
Q

What does an age statement signify on a bottle of Tawny Port?

A

Deemed by the IVDP to taste like a Port of that age. Does not need to be the same as the actual age

32
Q

What is the dry wine DOP of Madeira?

A

Madeirense DOP

33
Q

What year was Kopke founded?

A

1638

34
Q

What is a Colheita Tawny Port?

A

A vintage dated Port that spends a minimum of 7 years in cask

35
Q

What are the two processes to produce Madeira? Which is better?

A

Estufagem

Canteiro*

36
Q

What grape accounts for 80-85% of Madeira production?

A

Tinta Negra

37
Q

What islands are authorized to produce Madeira?

A

Madeira

Porto Santo

38
Q

What year were D’Olivera and Henriques and Henriques founded?

A

1850

39
Q

What are the two broad styles of Port?

A

Ruby

Tawny

40
Q

What organization oversees the production of Port?

A

Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto (IVDP)

41
Q

If a variety is listed on a Madeira label, what percentage must be that grape?

A

85%+

42
Q

What is the predominant vine training system in Madeira?

A

Pergola

43
Q

What is a mistelle?

A

A wine in which grape must is fortified prior to fermentation

44
Q

What is a partidista in Madeira?

A

They store wine and sell it to other traders

45
Q

What is the Lei do Terço in Port production?

A

A decree restricting sales of Port to 1/3 a house’s total inventory annually

46
Q

What were grapes traditionally fermented in to make Port?

A

Lagares- Low, open granite troughs

47
Q

What is mutage called in port production?

A

Beneficio

48
Q

What is the minimum amount of time a wine will undergo the estufagem process?

A

3 months

49
Q

What is the minimum residual sugar level for all Port wines?

A

17.5 g/L

50
Q

What does the term Envelhecido em Garrafa mean on a bottle of LBV Port?

A

Aged for at least 3 additional years in barrel before bottling

51
Q

What is the minimum alcohol level for a base wine to be sweetened by the cabaceo process?

A

17.5%

52
Q

True or false, aguardiente used to fortify Port must be produced in Portugal?

A

False

53
Q

Who owns Valdespino? Since when?

A

Grupo Estevez

1999

54
Q

What year was Alvear established in?

A

1729

55
Q

What town is Alvear based in?

A

Montilla

Wine (10 decks)

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