formulation of ions

Question 1

ions are made when electrons are transferred

Answer 1

• IONS are CHARGED particles- they can be SINGLE ATOMS (cl-) or GROUPS OF ATOMS (NO3).
• when ATOMS lose or gain electrons to form ions, all they’re trying to do is a get a FULL OUTER SHELL like a NOBLE GAS (stable electronic structure). Atoms with fuller outer shells are very STABLE.
• when METALS form ions, they LOSE electrons into their OUTER SHELL to form POSITIVE IONS.
• when NON-METALS form ions, they GAIN electrons to form NEGATIVE IONS.
• the NUMBER of electrons lost or gained is the same as the CHARGE on the ion. e.g if 2 electrons are LOST, the charge is 2+. if 3 are gained its 3-.

Question 2

group 1,2,6 and 7 are the most likely to form ions

Answer 2

• group 1 and 2 elements are METALS and they LOSE electrons to form POSITIVE IONS (cations).
• group 6 and 7 are NON-METALS. they GAIN electrons to form NEGATIVE IONS (anions).
• you DON’T have to REMEMBER what ions MOST ELEMENTS form.
• elements in the same GROUP all have the same number of OUTER ELECTRONS. so they have to LOSE OR GAINS the same number to get a full outer shell