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Top Drugs > Formulas > Flashcards

Formulas Flashcards

1
Q

1 tsp to ml

A

5 ml

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2
Q

1 tbsp to ml

A

15 ml

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3
Q

1 fl oz to ml

A

30ml

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4
Q

1 cup to oz

A

8 oz

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5
Q

1 pint to oz

A

16 oz

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6
Q

1 quart to oz

A

32 oz

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7
Q

1 gallon to oz

A

128 oz

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8
Q

1kg to lb

A

2.2 lbs

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9
Q

1 oz to g

A

28.4 g

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10
Q

1lb to g

A

454 g

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11
Q

1 grain to mg

A

65mg

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12
Q

1 inch to cm

A

2.54 cm

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13
Q

Specific gravity

A

Wt of substance (g) / wt of equal volume of water (g) or SG = g/mL

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14
Q

mOsmol/L =

A

(Wt of substance (g/L) / MW (g/mole)) * (# of particles) * 1000

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15
Q

E =

A

(58.5)(i) / (mw of drug)(1.8)

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16
Q

Mols =

A

g/MW

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17
Q

mEq =

A

(mg x valence) / MW

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18
Q

EN: Carbs, protein = ? Kcal/gram

A

4 kcal/gm

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19
Q

EN: fat = ? Kcal/gm

A

9 kcal/gm

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20
Q

PN: dextrose = ? Kcal/gm

A

3.4 kcal/gm

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21
Q

PN: AA = ? Kcal/gm

A

4 kcal/gm

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22
Q

PN: ILE 10% / 20% / 30% = ? ? ? Kcal/ml

A

1.1 / 2 / 3 kcal/mL

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23
Q

Fluid needs when wt > 20kg =

A

1,500 mL + (20mL)(wt in kg - 20)

Can estimate using 30-40mL/kg/day

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24
Q

TEE =

A

BEE x activity factor x stress factor

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25
Q

Grams of nitrogen from protein

A

Nitrogen (g) = protein intake (g) / 6.25

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26
Q

Corrected calcium

A

Alb < 3.5

Ca corrected = Ca + [(4.0 - alb) * (0.8)]

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27
Q

BMI =

A

Wt (kg) / (ht (m) ^2) or (wt (lbs) / (ht (in) ^2)) x 703

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28
Q

IBW =

A

Males = 50kg + (2.3)(# of inches over 5 ft)

Females = 45.5g + (2.3)(# of inches over 5 ft)

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29
Q

AdjBW =

A

IBW + 0.4(TBW - IBW)

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30
Q

Dehydration =

A

BUN:SCr > 20:1

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31
Q

CrCl =

A

((140 - age) / (72 x SCr)) x wt (kg) (x 0.85 if female)

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32
Q

Anion Gap =

A

Na - Cl - HCO3

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33
Q

Weak acid equation

A

pH = pKa + log [salt/acid]

34
Q

Weak base pH eq

A

pH = pKa + log [base/salt]

35
Q

Weak acid % ionization

A

% ionization = 100 / (1 + 10^(pKa-pH))

36
Q

Weak base % ionization

A

% ionization = 100 / (1 + 10^(pH-pKa))

37
Q

ANC =

A

ANC = WBC x [(% segs + % bands) / 100]

38
Q

Deg C =

A

Deg C = (F - 32)/1.8

39
Q

Deg F =

A

Deg F = (C x 1.8) + 32

40
Q

Time to burn =

A

TTB (w/ sunscreen in mins) = SPF x TTB (w/o sunscreen)

41
Q

Risk =

A

Risk = # of subjects in grp with unfavorable event / total # of subjects in grp

42
Q

Relative Risk =

A

RR = risk in treatment grp / risk in control grp

43
Q

Relative Rate Reduction =

A

RRR = (% risk in control grp - % risk in treatment grp) / % risk in control grp

44
Q

Absolute Risk Reduction

A

ARR = (% risk in control grp) - (% risk in treatment grp)

45
Q

Number Needed to Treat/Harm =

A

NNT or NNH = 1/ARR (expressed as decimal)

46
Q

Odds Ratio

A

OR = [(exposure present and outcome present) x (exposure absent and outcome absent)] / [(exposure present and outcome absent) x (exposure absent and outcome present)]

A B
C D OR = AD/BC

47
Q

Hazard Ratio =

A

HR = hazard rate in treatment grp / hazard rate in control grp

48
Q

Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio =

A

ICR = (C2 - C1) / (E2 - E1)

49
Q

Pack-year smoking hx =

A

Pack-year smoking hx = cig packs/day x years smoked

50
Q

Initiating basal-bolus in T1DM

A

1) TDD = 0.5 u/kg/day using TBW
2) 1/2 basal and 1/2 bolus (if using NPH/R, use 2/3 and 1/3)
3) split rapid acting among meals

51
Q

Insulin-to-carb ratio for regular insulin

A

450 / TDD = grams of carbs covered by 1 unit of reg insulin

52
Q

Insulin-to-carb ratio for rapid acting insulin

A

500 / TDD = grams of carbs covered by 1 unit of rapid acting insulin

53
Q

Correction factor for regular insulin

A

1500 / TDD = CF for 1 unit of regular insulin

54
Q

Correction Factor for rapid-acting

A

1,800 / TDD = CF for 1 unit of rapid acting

55
Q

Correction dose =

A

CD = ((BG) - (target BG)) / CF

56
Q

LDL =

A

LDL = TC - HDL - (TG/5)

(do not use if TG > 400)

57
Q

Minimum weighiable qt

A

MWQ = sensitivity requirement / acceptable error rate

58
Q

BSA =

A

BSA = square root of (ht (cm) x wt (kg)) / 3600

59
Q

Bioavailability =

A

F (%) = 100 x (AUC extravascular / AUC intravenous) x (dose intravenous / dose extravascular)

60
Q

Vd =

A

Vd = amount of drug in body / concentration of drug in plasma

61
Q

Clearance

A 
Cl = (F x dose) / AUC 
Cl = ke x Vd
62
Q

Ke =

A

Ke = Cl / Vd

63
Q

C2 =

Predicting drug concentrations

A 
C2 = C1  x e^-kt
Ke = ln (C1/C2) / t
64
Q

t 1/2 =

A

t 1/2 = 0.693 / Ke

65
Q

Loading dose =

A

LD = (desired concentration x Vd) / F

66
Q

MAP =

A

MAP = ((2 x DBP) + SBP) / 3

67
Q

Phenytoin corrected =

A

PhenytoinC = total phenytoin measured / ((0.2 x alb) + 0.1)

Can also be used for valproic acid

68
Q

KCl % conversion

A

KCl 10% = 20mEq/15mL

69
Q

Calcium carbonate to elemental calcium

A

Calcium carbonate = 40% elemental calcium

70
Q

Calcium citrate elemental calcium

A

Calcium citrate = 21% elemental calcium

71
Q

Aminophylline to Theophylline

A

Multiply by 0.8

72
Q

Loop Diuretic Conversions

A

Ethacrynic acid = 50mg
Furosemide = 40mg
Torsemide = 20mg
Bumetanide = 1mg

73
Q

Furosemide IV to PO

A

IV to PO = 1:2

74
Q

Metoprolol IV to PO

A

IV:PO = 1:2.5

75
Q

Ferrous sulfate elemental iron

A

Ferrous sulfate = 20% elemental iron

76
Q

NPH that is BID to daily glargine

A

80% of NPH dose

77
Q

Toujeo to other forms of glargine or detemir

A

Use 80% of Toujeo dose

78
Q

Levothyroxine IV to PO

A

IV:PO = 0.75:1

79
Q

Steroids Conversion Chart

A 
Cortisone = 25mg
Hydrocortisone = 20mg
Prednisone = 5mg
Prednisolone = 5mg
Methylprednisolone = 4mg
Triamcinolone = 4mg
Dexamethasone = 0.75mg
Betamethasone = 0.6mg
80
Q

Statins Conversion Chart

A 
Pitavastatin = 2mg
Rosuvastatin = 5mg
Atorvastatin = 10mg
Simvastatin = 20mg
Lovastatin = 40mg
Pravastatin = 40mg
Fluvastatin = 80mg
81
Q

Lithium conversions

A

5mL lithium citrate syrup = 300mg lithium carbonate = 8mEq Li+ ion

82
Q

Opioid Conversion Chart

A 
Morphine = 10mg (IV/IM) & 30mg (oral) 
Hydromorphone = 1.5mg (IV/IM) & 7.5mg (oral)
Oxycodone = 20mg (oral) 
Hydrocodone = 30mg (oral) 
Codeine = 130mg (IV/IM) & 200mg (oral)
Fentanyl = 0.1mg (IV/IM)
Meperidine = 75mg (IV/IM) & 300mg (oral) 
Oxymorphone = 1mg (IV/IM) & 10mg (oral)

Top Drugs (4 decks)

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