Formulae Flashcards

1
Q

total costs

A

fixed costs + variable costs

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2
Q

profit 1

A

total revenue - total costs

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3
Q

profit 2

A

total contribution - fixed costs

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4
Q

variable costs

A

variable cost per unit x number of units sold

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5
Q

total revenue

A

selling price per unit x number of units sold

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6
Q

market capitalisation

A

number of issued share x current share price

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7
Q

expected value

A

(payoff of A x probability of A) + (payoff of B x probability of B)

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8
Q

net gain

A

expected value - initial cost of decision

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9
Q

market size (volume)

A

quantity of goods produced in a market over a year

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10
Q

market size (value)

A

total sales revenue in a market over a year

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11
Q

sales value

A

total sales of a business over a year

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12
Q

market growth %

A

change in market size in a year/ market size in this year x 100

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13
Q

sales growth %

A

change in sales over the year/ sales this year x100

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14
Q

market share %

A

sales of one product/brand / total market sales x100

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15
Q

price elasticity of demand

A

inelastic between 0 and 1

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16
Q

added value

A

sales revenue - costs of bought-in goods and services

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17
Q

labour productivity

A

output in time period / number of employees

18
Q

unit costs

A

total cost of production / units of output

19
Q

capacity utilisation %

A

actual output/ maximum possible output x100

20
Q

return on investment %

A

return on investment / cost of investment x100

21
Q

gross profit

A

sales revenue - cost of sales

22
Q

operating profit

A

sales revenue - cost of sales - operating expenses

23
Q

profit for the year

A

operating profit + other profit - net finance costs - tax

24
Q

contribution per unit

A

selling price - variable costs per unit

25
total contribution 1
contribution per unit x units produced
26
total contribution 2
total revenue - total variable costs
27
break even output
fixed costs / contribution per unit x 100
28
break even
when total revenue = total costs
29
margin of safety
actual level of output - breakeven level of output
30
gross profit margin
gross profit / sales revenue x100
31
operating profit margin
operating profit / sales revenue x100
32
profit for the year margin
profit for the year / sales revenue x100
33
labour turnover
number of staff leaving in a year / average number of staff employed in a year x100
34
retention rate
number of employees - number of leavers / number of employees x100
35
labour cost per unit
labour costs / units of output
36
return on capital employed
operating profit / total equity + non-current liabilities x100
37
current ratio
current assets / current liabiities
38
gearing
non-current liabilities / total equity + non-current liabilities x100
39
payables days
payables/ cost of sales x365
40
receivables days
receivables / revenue x365
41
inventory turnover
cost of goods sold / average inventories held
42
average rate of return
net return from profit / initial cost of project x100