Formed Elements 🩸 Flashcards
What is the primary function of erythrocytes?
Transport of respiratory gases
Erythrocytes contain hemoglobin, which binds oxygen and carbon dioxide.
What percentage of blood do erythrocytes constitute?
Nearly 45 percent
This percentage reflects the volume of blood occupied by red blood cells.
What is the average lifespan of red blood cells?
120 days
After this period, RBCs are typically destroyed in the spleen.
What are the two main categories of white blood cells?
Granulocytes and agranulocytes
Granulocytes include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils; agranulocytes include lymphocytes and monocytes.
Which type of white blood cell is the most abundant?
Neutrophils
Neutrophils make up about 60-65 percent of total WBCs.
What is the role of basophils?
Secrete histamine, serotonin, and heparin
Basophils are involved in inflammatory reactions.
Fill in the blank: Blood group A has _______ antigens.
A antigens
Blood groups are classified based on the presence or absence of specific antigens.
True or False: Blood group AB has both A and B antigens.
True
AB blood group contains both types of antigens, making it a universal recipient.
What happens if blood groups of a donor and recipient are not matched?
Clumping (destruction of RBCs)
Mismatched blood can lead to serious complications during transfusions.
What is the average count of red blood cells per mm³ in a healthy adult?
5 to 5.5 million
This count can vary based on several factors, including hydration and altitude.
What is the role of plasma in the blood?
Helps in osmotic balance and transportation
Plasma contains various solutes, including electrolytes, nutrients, and waste products.
Fill in the blank: The inactive form of blood clotting factors is called _______.
Serum
Serum is the liquid part of blood that remains after clotting.
What is the primary function of platelets?
Blood clotting
Platelets are crucial for stopping bleeding and initiating the clotting process.
What are antibodies?
Proteins produced in response to antigens
Antibodies help identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.
What are the two main blood grouping systems in humans?
ABO and Rh systems
These systems categorize blood based on specific antigens present on red blood cells.
Fill in the blank: A healthy individual has _______ grams of hemoglobin in every 100 ml of blood.
12-16 grams
Hemoglobin concentration is a key indicator of blood health.
What is the significance of matching blood groups before transfusion?
To prevent clumping and destruction of RBCs
Proper matching avoids hemolytic transfusion reactions.
