Formative (1) Flashcards
Define incidence and prevalence
Incidence = the number of new cases of a disease in a population in a specified period of time
Prevalence = the number of people in a population with a specific disease at a single point in time
List 5 actions the government could take to stem the rise in obesity
- Health education
- Sugar tax
- Legislation on labelling
- Ban on advertisements of unhealthy foods
- Improve exercise facilities
How might obesity affect an individual’s health
- psychological
- physical
- social
- psychological: reduced self esteem
- physical: difficult to move or keep fit
- Social: judged by peers
List 3 advantages of GPs as gatekeepers
- Keep people out of expensive secondary care
- Continuity of dr-patient relationship
- Appropriate referral for patients to get further help
List the 4 ethical principles
BENEFICENCE
NON MALIFICENCE
JUSTICE
AUTONOMY
List nonverbal ways of communication in a consultation
- Listening, use of silence
- Posture
- Body language
- Gestures
- Facial expressions
- Eye contact
Approx what % of illnesses presenting to primary care are referred on to secondary care
3%
List aspects you might cover in a consultation with regards to promoting a healthier lifestyle
- Diet and exercise
- Alcohol
- Smoking
- Sexual health
List 4 factors which would make a patient motivated to change their behaviour
- The advantages of not doing the bad habit outweigh the disadvantages
- Anticipate a positive response from others
- Social pressure to change
- Believes they are able to carry out the new behaviour in a range of circumstances
List 5 social influences on health
- Gender
- Housing
- Employment
- Financial security
- Social class
What coping mechanisms might be used to deal with stress?
- Problem focused eg enlist family to help
- Emotion focused eg seeking counselling
- Combined problem and emotion focused
