Formation- offer

Question 1

What is an invitation to treat

Answer 1

A party is inviting offers to be made
E.g goods in a shop window
(Fisher v bell)

Question 2

What is an offer

Answer 2

A statement of terms in which 1 party is willing to enter a contract with the other party (Gibson v Manchester City council)

Question 3

what does an offer contain

Answer 3

the essential terms expressed in reason;y certain terms

Question 4

what is a unilateral contract

Answer 4

not an exchange of promises but 1 party (the offeror) makes a promise (typically payment) in exchange for a specific act by another
e.g golden ticket equals a free meal from a restaurant

Question 5

what is a bilateral contract

Answer 5

agreement between 2 parties where they promise an act in exchange for the other parties act
e.g going to a shop and buying chocolate

Question 6

what is the case for offers can be made by machines (on behalf of companies)
e.g parking tickets

Answer 6

Thornton v shoe lane parking

Question 7

what is the case for answering a questions isn’t an offer being made

Answer 7

Harvey v facey

Question 8

who can offers be made to

Answer 8

• a specific person
• a group of people
• the whole world

Question 9

what is the general rule for termination of an offer

Answer 9

offers can be withdrawn at any time before acceptance (Routledge v grant)

Question 10

what are situations where an offer can be validly terminated

Answer 10

• being accepted, so a contract is formed (acceptance)
• if the offeree rejects the offer
• being withdrawn (rejection)
• reasonable or specified time can lapse (ramsgate v montefiore)
  -a counter offer being made (Hyde v wrench)
• failure of conditions being met (financing v Stimson)
• death of a party (Reynolds v Atherton)